﻿FN Clarivate Analytics Web of Science
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Xu, H
   Wang, L
   Li, Y
   Huang, LF
   Yin, L
AF Xu, Hui
   Wang, Lin
   Li, Yang
   Huang, Lifang
   Yin, Long
TI Critical Chinese government behavior for swift housing reconstruction
   programme - The case of Dujiangyan following Wenchuan Earthquake
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
DT Article
DE Government behaviors; Swift reconstruction; Dujiangyan; Wenchuan
   earthquake
ID CONCENTRATED RURAL SETTLEMENT; POSTDISASTER RECONSTRUCTION; COMMUNITY
   PARTICIPATION; NEW-ORLEANS; RECOVERY; MODEL; DISASTER; RESETTLEMENT;
   LESSONS; KATRINA
AB After the massive Wenchuan earthquake, 15.1 million victims were forced to temporarily relocate and the post-disaster reconstruction was urgent and necessary. Subsequently, the Chinese government vigorously promoted a swift reconstruction, which drew worldwide attention from academia and politics. In response, this paper specifically focused on the critical Chinese government behaviors regarding its swift implementation of a housing reconstruction programme. The Dujiangyan case was employed. A field investigation was conducted, and the data from the source in this research, the newspaper "Dujiangyan Express" were collected. Content analysis was adopted to extract news related to housing reconstruction and "R" software was used for the keyword frequency statistics. Accordingly, the frequencies were obtained, and keywords with similar meanings were classified into one keyword cluster. Further, the keyword clusters' frequencies were analyzed, and the corresponding time points considered. Finally, 14 critical Chinese government behaviors in 4 dimensions were identified: "post-disaster resettlement", "housing reconstruction", "disposal for the earthquake-impacted housing", and "government field investigation". The main findings supply a theoretical summary for the Chinese government behaviors in its swift implementation of a housing reconstruction programme and could be useful references for further behaviors that promote successful post-disaster reconstruction.
C1 [Xu, Hui; Li, Yang] Chongqing Univ Posts & Telecommun, Sch Econ & Management, Chongqing 400065, Peoples R China.
   [Wang, Lin; Huang, Lifang; Yin, Long] Chongqing Univ, Sch Management Sci & Real Estate, Chongqing 400045, Peoples R China.
C3 Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications; Chongqing University
RP Wang, L (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Sch Management Sci & Real Estate, Chongqing 400045, Peoples R China.
EM wangidill@163.com
TC 8
Z9 9
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2212-4209
PD DEC
PY 2019
VL 41
AR 101307
DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101307
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
UT WOS:000504924200012
ER

PT J
AU Li, QS
   Wumaier, K
   Osamu, K
AF Li, Qiushan
   Wumaier, Kabilijiang
   Osamu, Koide
TI Post-Earthquake Housing Reconstruction Management and Implementation in
   Rural Areas: Review and Lessons from Dujiangyan, Wenchuan Earthquake
SO BUILDINGS
DT Review
DE housing reconstruction; earthquake disaster; recovery; rural community;
   Jiangyin
AB Housing reconstruction plays a crucial role in renovating disaster-hit areas. Rural areas are considerably different from urban areas in terms of geographic environment, building size, residential culture, and social organization. Therefore, post-disaster recovery and reconstruction models for urban areas cannot be applied directly to disaster-hit rural areas. This study, based on the experience of rural housing reconstruction after the Wenchuan earthquake, identified key strategic issues in housing reconstruction that must be addressed to achieve the goal of "building back better" in the future. By taking the experience of Dujiangyan as our reference, the study found that the following strategies are important for successful housing reconstruction in rural areas: (1) actively involve disaster victims through a participatory institutional design; (2) coordinate the interests of governments, markets, and disaster victims and the functions of living, production, and ecology through a classified housing reconstruction system; and (3) activate the quota for rural collective construction land and create a new source of funding for housing reconstruction through the market circulation of urban-rural land. Additionally, in the context of urban-rural integration, changes in land use can lead to rural spatial reconstruction and sustainable regional development, providing a reference for formulating optimal post-disaster reconstruction strategies.
C1 [Li, Qiushan; Wumaier, Kabilijiang; Osamu, Koide] Sichuan Univ, Hong Kong Polytech Univ Inst Disaster Management &, Chengdu 610207, Peoples R China.
C3 Sichuan University
RP Wumaier, K (corresponding author), Sichuan Univ, Hong Kong Polytech Univ Inst Disaster Management &, Chengdu 610207, Peoples R China.
EM liqiushan@scu.edu.cn; kabil@scu.edu.cn; koide@scu.edu.cn
TC 3
Z9 3
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
PA MDPI AG, Grosspeteranlage 5, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
EI 2075-5309
PD SEP
PY 2023
VL 13
IS 9
AR 2251
DI 10.3390/buildings13092251
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
UT WOS:001074501300001
ER

PT J
AU Li, JZ
   Peng, TB
   Xu, Y
AF Li, Jianzhong
   Peng, Tainbo
   Xu, Yan
TI Damage investigation of girder bridges under the Wenchuan earthquake and
   corresponding seismic design recommendations
SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING VIBRATION
DT Article
DE Wenchuan earthquake; bridge damage investigation; seismic design
   recommendation
AB An investigation of girder bridges on National Highway 213 ad the Doujiangyan-Wenchuan expressway after the Wenchuan earthquake showed that typical types of damage included: span collapses due to unseating at expansion joints: shear key failure; and damage of the expansion joint due to the slide-induced large relative displacement between the bottom of the girder and the top of the laminated-rubber bearing. This slide, however. can actually act as a form of isolation for the substructure, and as a result, the piers and foundation of most of the bridges on state route 213 suffered minor damage. The exception was the Baihua Bridge, which suffered severe damage. Corresponding seismic design recommendations are presented based on this investigation.
C1 [Li, Jianzhong; Peng, Tainbo; Xu, Yan] Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
C3 Tongji University
RP Li, JZ (corresponding author), Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
EM Lijianzh@tongji.edu.cn
TC 184
Z9 242
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1671-3664
EI 1993-503X
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 7
IS 4
BP 337
EP 344
DI 10.1007/s11803-008-1005-6
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000262725600003
ER

PT J
AU Chang, Y
   Wilkinson, S
   Brunsdon, D
   Seville, E
   Potangaroa, R
AF Chang, Yan
   Wilkinson, Suzanne
   Brunsdon, David
   Seville, Erica
   Potangaroa, Regan
TI An integrated approach: managing resources for post-disaster
   reconstruction
SO DISASTERS
DT Article
DE housing; integrated planning; post-disaster reconstruction; resource
   management; Wenchuan earthquake
ID HOUSING RECONSTRUCTION; HURRICANE-KATRINA; POLICY; MITIGATION;
   ALLOCATION; EARTHQUAKE; CHALLENGE; RECOVERY; LESSONS; TSUNAMI
AB A lack of resources for post-disaster housing reconstruction significantly limits the prospects for successful recovery. Following the earthquake in Wenchuan, China, in May 2008, housing reconstruction was not immune to resource shortages and price inflation. Difficulties in sourcing materials and labour considerably impeded recovery. This paper provides evidence of the resourcing bottlenecks inherent in the post-Wenchuan earthquake reconstruction process. Its aim is to present an integrated planning framework for managing resources for post-disaster housing rebuilding. The results are drawn from in-field surveys that highlight the areas where stake-holders need to concentrate effort, including revising legislation and policy, enhancing capacity for rebuilding in the construction industry, strengthening the transportation network, restructuring market mechanisms, and incorporating environmental considerations into overall planning. Although the case study presented here is country-specific, it is hoped that the findings provide a basis for future research to identify resourcing constraints and solutions in other disaster contexts.
C1 [Chang, Yan; Wilkinson, Suzanne] Univ Auckland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
   [Seville, Erica] Univ Canterbury, Dept Civil Engn, Canterbury, New Zealand.
   [Potangaroa, Regan] UNITEC, Sch Architecture, Canterbury, New Zealand.
C3 University of Auckland; University of Canterbury; Unitec NZ
RP Chang, Y (corresponding author), Univ Auckland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Private Bag 92019,Auckland Mail Ctr, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
EM ycha233@aucklanduni.ac.nz
TC 76
Z9 90
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0361-3666
EI 1467-7717
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 35
IS 4
BP 739
EP 765
DI 10.1111/j.1467-7717.2011.01240.x
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Social Sciences - Other Topics
UT WOS:000294922300007
ER

PT J
AU Jia, JF
   Song, NH
   Xu, ZG
   He, ZH
   Bai, YL
AF Jia, Junfeng
   Song, Nianhua
   Xu, Zigang
   He, Zizhao
   Bai, Yulei
TI Structural damage distribution induced by Wenchuan Earthquake on 12th
   May, 2008
SO EARTHQUAKES AND STRUCTURES
DT Article
DE Wenchuan earthquake; spatial distribution; building damage; near-fault
   earthquake; topography
ID MOTIONS; BASIN
AB Based on the reconnaissance of buildings in Dujiangyan City during 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, China, structural damage characteristics and the spatial distribution of structural damage are investigated, and the possible reasons for the extraordinary features are discussed with consideration of the influence of urban historical evolution and spatial variation of earthquake motions. Firstly, the urban plan and typical characteristics of structural seismic damage are briefly presented and summarized. Spatial distribution of structural damage is then comparatively analyzed by classifying all surveyed buildings in accordance with different construction age, considering the influence of seismic design code on urban buildings. Finally, the influences of evolution of seismic design code, topographic condition, local site and distance from fault rupture on spatial distribution of structural damage are comprehensively discussed. It is concluded that spatial variation of earthquake motions, resulting from topography, local site effect and fault rupture, are very important factor leading to the extraordinary spatial distribution of building damage except the evolution of seismic design codes. It is necessary that the spatial distribution of earthquake motions should be considered in seismic design of structures located in complicated topography area and near active faults.
C1 [Jia, Junfeng; Song, Nianhua; Xu, Zigang] Beijing Univ Technol, Key Lab Urban Secur & Disaster Engn, Minist Educ, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China.
   [Jia, Junfeng; Song, Nianhua; Xu, Zigang] Beijing Collaborat Innovat Ctr Metropolitan Trans, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China.
   [He, Zizhao] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA.
   [Bai, Yulei] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
C3 Beijing University of Technology; University of California System;
   University of California Los Angeles; Hong Kong Polytechnic University
RP Jia, JF (corresponding author), Beijing Univ Technol, Key Lab Urban Secur & Disaster Engn, Minist Educ, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China.
EM jiajunfeng@bjut.edu.cn
TC 10
Z9 15
PU TECHNO-PRESS
PI DAEJEON
PA PO BOX 33, YUSEONG, DAEJEON 305-600, SOUTH KOREA
SN 2092-7614
EI 2092-7622
PD JUL
PY 2015
VL 9
IS 1
BP 93
EP 109
DI 10.12989/eas.2015.9.1.093
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000360213500005
ER

PT J
AU Han, Q
   Du, XL
   Liu, JB
   Li, ZX
   Li, LY
   Zhao, JF
AF Han Qiang
   Du Xiuli
   Liu Jingbo
   Li Zhongxian
   Li Liyun
   Zhao Jianfeng
TI Seismic damage of highway bridges during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake
SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING VIBRATION
DT Article
DE Wenchuan earthquake; seismic damage; seismic design; highway bridge;
   field investigation
AB Many highway bridges were severely damaged or completely collapsed during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. A field investigation was carried out in the strongly affected areas and over 320 bridges were examined. Damage to some representative highway bridges is briefly described and a preliminary analysis of the probable causes of the damage is presented in this paper. The most common damage included shear-flexural failure of the pier columns, expansion joint failure, shear key failure, and girder sliding in the transversal or longitudinal directions due to weak connections between girder and bearings. Lessons learned from this earthquake are described and recommendations related to the design of curved and skewed bridges, design of bearings and devices to prevent girder collapse, and ductility of bridge piers are presented. Suggestions for future seismic design and retrofitting techniques for bridges in moderate to severe earthquake areas are also proposed.
C1 [Han Qiang] Beijing Univ Technol, Coll Civil Engn, MOE, Key Lab Urban Secur & Disaster Engn, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China.
   [Han Qiang; Liu Jingbo] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
   [Li Zhongxian] Tianjin Univ, Coll Civil Engn, Tianjin 200072, Peoples R China.
   [Zhao Jianfeng] Qingdao Technol Univ, Coll Civil Engn, Qingdao 266033, Peoples R China.
C3 Beijing University of Technology; Tsinghua University; Tianjin
   University; Qingdao University of Technology
RP Han, Q (corresponding author), Beijing Univ Technol, Coll Civil Engn, MOE, Key Lab Urban Secur & Disaster Engn, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China.
EM qhan@yahoo.cn
TC 340
Z9 422
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1671-3664
EI 1993-503X
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 8
IS 2
BP 263
EP 273
DI 10.1007/s11803-009-8162-0
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000267485500009
ER

PT J
AU Yang, TT
   Wang, L
   Huang, LF
AF Yang, Tingting
   Wang, Lin
   Huang, Lifang
TI Comparing three approaches to developing concentrated rural settlement
   after the Lushan Earthquake
SO SAFETY SCIENCE
DT Article
DE Concentrated rural settlement (CRS); Housing reconstruction; Natural
   disaster recovery; Wenchuan Earthquake; Lushan Earthquake
ID POSTDISASTER HOUSING RECONSTRUCTION; PARTICIPATION; SATISFACTION;
   RECOVERY; GUJARAT; LESSONS; IMPACT; MODEL
AB Housing reconstruction is critical following natural disasters, especially in rural areas of developing countries. Concentrated rural settlement (CRS) is an important method adopted by local governments in China to promote post-disaster rural housing recovery. However, the effectiveness and selection of CRS approaches under different situations often puzzles local governments, even though various approaches to CRS development have been available since the Wenchuan Earthquake on May 12, 2008. This study therefore compares three approaches to developing CRS (unified planning/unified reconstruction, unified planning/joint reconstruction, and unified planning/self-reconstruction), based on three case studies in Lushan County of Ya'an City in Sichuan Province of China. The factors considered include the triggering event, participants, process, and outcome. Research information and data were collected using interviews, a questionnaire survey, and content analysis. The comparison reveals a transformation from a government-led pattern to a resident-led pattern in the rural housing reconstruction after the Lushan Earthquake. When comparing the effectiveness of these three approaches, each approach must be considered according to its prerequisites to ensure the sustainability of reconstruction. Based on the comparative analysis, the study also offers a map for future initiatives, providing valuable insights for local governments to develop sustainable CRS in post-disaster reconstruction.
C1 [Yang, Tingting; Wang, Lin; Huang, Lifang] Chongqing Univ, Fac Construct Management & Real Estate, Chongqing 400045, Peoples R China.
   [Wang, Lin] Chongqing Univ, Res Ctr Construct Econ & Management, Chongqing 40045, Peoples R China.
C3 Chongqing University; Chongqing University
RP Wang, L (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Fac Construct Management & Real Estate, Chongqing 400045, Peoples R China.
EM wangidill@163.com
TC 3
Z9 4
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-7535
EI 1879-1042
PD MAY
PY 2020
VL 125
AR 104626
DI 10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104626
SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science
UT WOS:000524359800009
ER

PT J
AU Xi, JR
AF Xi, Jiaoru
TI Relationship between the organizational structure in implementing
   Post-Disaster Housing reconstruction and outcome characteristics: A
   study on urban dujiangyan after the Wenchuan Earthquake
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
DT Article
DE Post-disaster housing reconstruction; Centralized reconstruction
   mechanism; Top-down approach; Implementation process; Organizational
   structure; Outcome characteristics
AB Many works of literature have agreed that the centralized reconstruction mechanism of China could guarantee an efficient reconstructive enforcement. However, many have also speculated that it might disrupt the involvement of the local parties during its implementation, and have adverse effects on the affected area, especially in the field of housing. However, there is currently limited knowledge on the implementation process of housing reconstruction and its effect on the affected localities. This research conducted an empirical study on Dujiangyan City after the Wenchuan Earthquake. It identified the organizational structure of the involved stakeholders, evaluated the implementation outcomes of respective stakeholders, identified the characteristics of the housing outcomes, and indicated the preferences and limitations of the participating stakeholders. The results indicated that the Chinese top-down housing reconstruction was not inevitably carried out as speculated in the literature. The local government was still a leading force. Its mobilization of local and external stakeholders significantly contributed to providing diverse resettlement options for the affected population. However, the housing outcomes revealed an imbalanced spatial distribution and concentrated on the new urban area. Such characteristics could be attributed to the reconstruction plan that emphasized pefi-urban development on a large scale and the organizational method that constrained the stakeholder's participation in all urban areas. Hence, implications are given for the betterment of housing reconstruction in China: a more compact reconstruction plan that adopts cautious renovation to the original urban structure, and sufficient coordination between all stakeholders in the full process of housing reconstruction.
C1 [Xi, Jiaoru] Nanjing Tech Univ, Coll Architecture, Nanjing, Peoples R China.
C3 Nanjing Tech University
RP Xi, JR (corresponding author), Nanjing Tech Univ, Coll Architecture, Nanjing, Peoples R China.
EM xjr@njtech.edu.cn
TC 9
Z9 10
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2212-4209
PD OCT 1
PY 2022
VL 80
AR 103221
DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103221
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
UT WOS:000877545700001
ER

PT J
AU Wang, ZQ
   Lee, GC
AF Wang Zhiqiang
   Lee, George C.
TI A comparative study of bridge damage due to the Wenchuan, Northridge,
   Loma Prieta and San Fernando earthquakes
SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING VIBRATION
DT Article
DE bridge damage; Wenchuan earthquake; Northridge earthquake; Loma Prieta
   earthquake; San Fernando earthquake; ground motion; liquefaction;
   landslide
ID DESIGN
AB A comparative study of selected bridge damage due to the Wenchuan, Northridge, Loma Prieta and San Fernando earthquakes is described in this paper. Typical ground motion effects considered include large ground fault displacement, liquefaction, landslide, and strong ground shaking. Issues related to falling spans, inadequate detailing for structural ductility and complex bridge configurations are discussed within the context of the recent seismic design codes of China and the US. A significant lesson learned from the Great Wenchuan earthquake, far beyond the opportunities to improve the seismic design provisions for bridges, is articulated.
C1 [Lee, George C.] SUNY Buffalo, MCEER, Dept Civil Struct & Environm Engn, Buffalo, NY 14261 USA.
   [Wang Zhiqiang] Tongji Univ, Dept Bridge Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
C3 State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Buffalo, SUNY;
   Tongji University
RP Lee, GC (corresponding author), SUNY Buffalo, MCEER, Dept Civil Struct & Environm Engn, Buffalo, NY 14261 USA.
EM gclee@buffalo.edu
TC 76
Z9 86
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1671-3664
EI 1993-503X
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 8
IS 2
BP 251
EP 261
DI 10.1007/s11803-009-9063-y
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000267485500008
ER

PT J
AU Wang, YY
AF Wang Yayong
TI Revision of seismic design codes corresponding to building damages in
   the "5.12" Wenchuan earthquake
SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING VIBRATION
DT Article
DE Wenchuan earthquake; earthquake damage to buildings; revision of seismic
   design codes
AB A large number of buildings were seriously damaged or collapsed in the "5.12" Wenchuan earthquake. Based on field surveys and studies of damage to different types of buildings, seismic design codes have been updated. This paper briefly summarizes some of the major revisions that have been incorporated into the "Standard for classification of seismic protection of building constructions GB50223-2008" and "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings GB50011-2001." The definition of seismic fortification class for buildings has been revisited, and as a result, the seismic classifications for schools, hospitals and other buildings that hold large populations such as evacuation shelters and information centers have been upgraded in the GB50223-2008 Code. The main aspects of the revised GB50011-2001 code include: (a) modification of the seismic intensity specified for the Provinces of Sichuan, Shanxi and Gansu; (b) basic conceptual design for retaining walls and building foundations in mountainous areas; (c) regularity of building configuration; (d) integration of masonry structures and pre-cast RC floors; (e) requirements for calculating and detailing stair shafts; and (f) limiting the use of single-bay RC frame structures. Some significant examples of damage in the epicenter areas are provided as a reference in the discussion on the consequences of collapse, the importance of duplicate structural systems, and the integration of RC and masonry structures.
C1 China Acad Bldg Res, Inst Earthquake Engn, Beijing 100013, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, YY (corresponding author), China Acad Bldg Res, Inst Earthquake Engn, Beijing 100013, Peoples R China.
EM yayongwang@sina.com
TC 9
Z9 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1671-3664
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 9
IS 2
BP 147
EP 155
DI 10.1007/s11803-010-0001-9
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000280620400001
ER

PT J
AU Wumair, KJ
   Wang, CJ
   Kato, T
   Mahemuti, R
   Li, QS
   He, YY
   Zhu, PP
   Latifeike, N
   Dong, W
AF Wumair, Kabilijiang
   Wang, Changjiu
   Kato, Takaaki
   Mahemuti, Reyisha
   Li, Qiushan
   He, Yongyong
   Zhu, Pingpu
   Latifeike, Nuyoufuti
   Dong, Wei
TI Research on Postearthquake Rural Housing Reconstruction and Subsequent
   Evaluation in Dujiangyan on the 15th Anniversary of the Wenchuan
   Earthquake
SO NATURAL HAZARDS REVIEW
DT Article
DE Wenchuan earthquake; Rural housing reconstruction; Satisfaction;
   Postevaluation
ID COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION; DISASTER MANAGEMENT; RECOVERY; VULNERABILITY;
   FRAMEWORK; SATISFACTION; INDICATORS; PROJECTS; TERM
AB Postdisaster housing reconstruction is a long-term process that includes planning, rebuilding, relocation, and evaluation. True insights into the living conditions of disaster survivors emerge only in the later stages of reconstruction. However, short-term rebuilding and resettlement often attract more attention, while the long-term outcomes are frequently overlooked. This paper, based on the researchers' extensive involvement in the post-Wenchuan Earthquake reconstruction in Dujiangyan City, uses data from the local government's reconstruction management committee for policy review, spatial analysis, and resettlement benefit evaluation. Field research, surveys, and household interviews were conducted in five rural communities to assess the policies, implementation, and outcomes of the reconstruction. The results showed that: (1) during the reconstruction period following the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, the reconstruction efforts in rural areas exhibited relatively good completion rates and short-term resettlement benefits but limited survivor participation and challenges in livelihood recovery in the later stages; (2) despite low perceived benefits in participation and livelihood recovery, survivors showed high overall satisfaction, likely due to insufficient postearthquake funds and energy among the survivors, strong government intervention, and support for reconstruction policies; (3) livelihood sustainability of relocated residents needs more attention, as many lost access to farming and faced increased living costs; and (4) even when the same reconstruction model is applied, there can be significant differences in the implementation of reconstruction across different communities. unified planning self-reconstruction model tends to increase survivors' financial and energy costs but also allows for greater participation and freedom, making it easier for residents to adapt to postreconstruction life. In contrast, government-led unified planning model often requires lower direct financial costs from the survivors, but offers limited participation and freedom, with the reconstruction process more heavily influenced by government decisions. As a result, the effectiveness of reconstruction may vary significantly between communities, posing challenges for effective government planning and decision-making.
C1 [Wumair, Kabilijiang; Wang, Changjiu; Mahemuti, Reyisha; Li, Qiushan; Zhu, Pingpu] Sichuan Univ, Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Inst Disaster Management & Reconstruct, Chengdu 610225, Peoples R China.
   [Kato, Takaaki] Univ Tokyo, Inst Ind Sci, Tokyo 1538505, Japan.
   [He, Yongyong] Sichuan Univ, Dept Safety & Secur, Chengdu 610065, Peoples R China.
   [Latifeike, Nuyoufuti] Southwest Univ Nationalities, Foreign Languages Coll, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China.
   [Dong, Wei] Sichuan Univ, Mental Hlth Educ Ctr, Chengdu 610065, Peoples R China.
C3 Sichuan University; Hong Kong Polytechnic University; University of
   Tokyo; Sichuan University; Southwest Minzu University; Sichuan
   University
RP Wang, CJ (corresponding author), Sichuan Univ, Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Inst Disaster Management & Reconstruct, Chengdu 610225, Peoples R China.
EM 2022226200011@stu.scu.edu.cn
TC 1
Z9 1
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1527-6988
EI 1527-6996
PD AUG 1
PY 2025
VL 26
IS 3
AR 05025004
DI 10.1061/NHREFO.NHENG-2227
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
UT WOS:001509491700014
ER

PT J
AU Wang, YY
AF Wang Yayong
TI Lessons learned from the "5.12" Wenchuan Earthquake: evaluation of
   earthquake performance objectives and the importance of seismic
   conceptual design principles
SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING VIBRATION
DT Article
DE Wenchuan Earthquake; building damage; seismic conceptual design;
   multiple defense lines
AB Many different types of buildings were severely damaged or collapsed during the May 12, 2008 Great Wenchuan Earthquake. Based on survey data collected in regions that were subjected to moderate to severe earthquake intensities, a comparison between the observed building damage, and the three earthquake performance objectives and seismic conceptual design principles specifi ed by the national "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings GB50011-2001," was carried out. Actual damage and predicted damage for a given earthquake level for different types of structures is compared. Discussions on seismic conceptual design principles, with respect to multiple defense lines, strong column-weak beam, link beam of shear walls, ductility detailing of masonry structures, exits and staircases, and nonstructural elements, etc. are carried out. Suggestions for improving the seismic design of structures are also proposed. It is concluded that the seismic performance objectives for three earthquake levels, i.e., "no failure under minor earthquake level," "repairable damage under moderate earthquake level" and "no collapse under major earthquake level" can be achieved if seismic design principles are carried out by strictly following the code requirements and ensuring construction quality.
C1 China Acad Bldg Res, Inst Earthquake Engn, Beijing 100013, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, YY (corresponding author), China Acad Bldg Res, Inst Earthquake Engn, Beijing 100013, Peoples R China.
EM yayongwang@sina.com
TC 53
Z9 65
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1671-3664
EI 1993-503X
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 7
IS 3
BP 255
EP 262
DI 10.1007/s11803-008-0886-8
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000259368900003
ER

PT J
AU Chang, Y
   Wilkinson, S
   Potangaroa, R
   Seville, E
AF Chang, Yan
   Wilkinson, Suzanne
   Potangaroa, Regan
   Seville, Erica
TI INTERPRETING RESOURCING BOTTLENECKS OF POST-WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE
   RECONSTRUCTION IN CHINA
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC PROPERTY MANAGEMENT
DT Article
DE Post-disaster reconstruction; Resource availability; Resourcing
   constraints; Wenchuan earthquake; China
ID HOUSING RECONSTRUCTION; DISASTER; PREPAREDNESS; MANAGEMENT; KATRINA;
   POLICY; ACEH
AB Post-disaster reconstruction is likely to suffer resource shortages and supply disruptions. The devastating Wenchuan earthquake on 12 May 2008 in China served as a typical example. After the catastrophe, resource problems such as price escalation and market inflation posed a significant challenge to Chinese policy makers and reconstruction team. Based on field surveys, the study attempts to examine the Wenchuan earthquake reconstruction practice and identify the most vulnerable resources along with their resourcing impediments inherent in the reconstruction process. The research findings show that at the early stage of reconstruction, labour and materials such as brick, cement, steel and aggregate were the most needed yet vulnerable resources. Procurement of these resources was mainly hindered by (1) reconstruction schedule and speed, (2) the impacts of the 2008 global financial crisis, (3) inadequate local transportation capacity, (4) dysfunction of the construction market, and (5) insufficient engagement of local construction industry. While the interventions and measures Chinese government adopted after the earthquake seem to be able to deal with resourcing bottlenecks in a short time; different efforts to reduce the impacts of these five areas are needed with a view to expediting longer-term disaster recovery and reconstruction.
C1 [Chang, Yan] Univ Auckland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Auckland Mail Ctr, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
   [Wilkinson, Suzanne] Univ Auckland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Auckland 1061, New Zealand.
   [Potangaroa, Regan] UNITEC, Sch Architecture ScALA, Auckland, New Zealand.
   [Seville, Erica] Univ Canterbury, Dept Civil Engn, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
C3 University of Auckland; University of Auckland; Unitec NZ; University of
   Canterbury
RP Chang, Y (corresponding author), Univ Auckland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Auckland Mail Ctr, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
EM ycha233@aucklanduni.ac.nz; s.wilkinson@auckland.ac.nz;
   rpotangaroa@unitec.ac.nz; erica.seville@canterbury.ac.nz
TC 14
Z9 19
PU VILNIUS GEDIMINAS TECH UNIV
PI VILNIUS
PA SAULETEKIO AL 11, VILNIUS, LT-10223, LITHUANIA
SN 1648-715X
EI 1648-9179
PY 2010
VL 14
IS 4
BP 314
EP 331
DI 10.3846/ijspm.2010.24
SC Business & Economics
UT WOS:000285647900004
ER

PT J
AU Huang, RQ
AF Huang Runqiu
TI Geo-engineering lessons learned from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in
   Sichuan and their significance to reconstruction
SO JOURNAL OF MOUNTAIN SCIENCE
DT Article
DE Wenchuan Earthquake; Geohazard; Reconstruction
AB The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan of China was the result of quake-triggering along an active several hundred-kilometer-long fault. The subsequent landslides and debris flow geohazards are dominating factors in planning post-disaster recovery and rebuilding. This paper presents recommendations for coping with large-scale geohazards and disasters. It is essential to establish a national emergency management system for huge scale catastrophe and earthquake precursor identification. Town construction must be kept away from active faults, especially to improve town safety in areas with high risk of seismic and geological hazards, and it is important to improve geohazard investigation and remediation for mountain areas that have become loosened by earthquake activity. Geological factors must be better understood to reduce direct and secondary risks and effects of earthquakes. Site selections for public relocation require clear and informed analysis of geological and social risk reduction, so that relocation, infrastructure reconstruction, and commemorative relic-sites can be protected.
C1 Chengdu Univ Technol, State Key Lab Geohazard Prevent & Geoenvironm Pro, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
C3 Chengdu University of Technology
RP Huang, RQ (corresponding author), Chengdu Univ Technol, State Key Lab Geohazard Prevent & Geoenvironm Pro, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
EM hrq@cdut.edu.cn
TC 12
Z9 14
PU SCIENCE CHINA PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1672-6316
PD APR
PY 2011
VL 8
IS 2
BP 176
EP 189
DI 10.1007/s11629-011-2103-x
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
UT WOS:000289004600009
ER

PT J
AU Song, Y
   Li, CS
   Olshansky, R
   Zhang, Y
   Xiao, Y
AF Song, Yan
   Li, Chaosu
   Olshansky, Robert
   Zhang, Yang
   Xiao, Yu
TI Are we planning for sustainable disaster recovery? Evaluating recovery
   plans after the Wenchuan earthquake
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
DT Article
DE Wenchuan earthquake; disaster recovery; sustainability; plan evaluation
ID HOUSING RECONSTRUCTION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; POSTDISASTER; VULNERABILITY;
   LESSONS; INDICATORS; CHALLENGES; MITIGATION; RESILIENCY; GREENWAYS
AB This article examines local recovery plans that were created in response to the Wenchuan earthquake and then suggests ways that planners can better apply the concept of sustainability to the recovery process. We utilize a plan evaluation protocol to analyze 16 recovery plans in counties and towns that were severely affected by the earthquake. We also conducted semi-structured interviews with public officials and planners, with the qualitative data gleaned from these interviews being used to supplement the plan quality assessment. The results reveal that local recovery plans do not appear to have incorporated sufficiently the concepts of sustainability. We conclude the paper with the following recommendations: emphasizing sustainability as a policy priority during vision and goal development; developing solid databases and planning techniques; designing a diversified set of regulatory-and incentive-based policy tools suitable for local governments; enhancing social and institutional learning; and further integrating multi-level and interagency governmental units.
C1 [Song, Yan; Li, Chaosu] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept City & Reg Planning, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
   [Olshansky, Robert] Univ Illinois, Dept Urban & Reg Planning, Urbana, IL USA.
   [Zhang, Yang] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Urban Affairs & Planning Program, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
   [Xiao, Yu] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Landscape Architecture & Urban Planning, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
C3 University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill;
   University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of Illinois
   System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Virginia Polytechnic
   Institute & State University; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M
   University College Station
RP Li, CS (corresponding author), Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept City & Reg Planning, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM chaosuli@live.unc.edu
TC 27
Z9 31
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-0568
EI 1360-0559
PY 2017
VL 60
IS 12
BP 2192
EP 2216
DI 10.1080/09640568.2017.1282346
SC Development Studies; Public Administration
UT WOS:000417680400007
ER

PT J
AU Wei, JW
   Han, Y
AF Wei, Jianwen
   Han, Yang
TI Pre-Disaster Social Capital and Disaster Recovery in Wenchuan
   Earthquake-Stricken Rural Communities
SO SUSTAINABILITY
DT Article
DE Wenchuan earthquake; social capital; disaster recovery; rural China
ID CHINA; NETWORKS; GUANXI; TRUST; TIES
AB This study examined the impact of social capital on disaster recovery in the 2008 earthquake-stricken rural communities in Wenchuan, China. The results show that quake-affected households having more social capital recovered more easily and quickly from disasters. A larger network significantly increased the amount of government aid received for housing reconstruction. This indicates that network members assist the quake-affected households to apply for and obtain government aid. These findings imply that social capital, as a kind of non-institutionalized social force, facilitates earthquake-affected households' recovery from disaster in rural China. Based on these results, this study suggests that policymakers should pay special attention to improving the social capital of existing local households to improve disaster recovery.
C1 [Wei, Jianwen] Beijing Normal Univ, China Acad Social Management, Sch Sociol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
   [Han, Yang] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Sociol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
C3 Beijing Normal University; Chinese University of Hong Kong
RP Wei, JW (corresponding author), Beijing Normal Univ, China Acad Social Management, Sch Sociol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
EM stanwjw@bnu.edu.cn; hanyang@link.cuhk.edu.hk
TC 19
Z9 27
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2071-1050
PD JUN
PY 2018
VL 10
IS 6
AR 2046
DI 10.3390/su10062046
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
UT WOS:000436570100358
ER

PT J
AU Yuan, F
   Dan, Y
   Qiong, B
AF Yuan, Feng
   Dan, Yi
   Qiong, Bi
TI Seismic design analysis of the country masonry school buildings in the
   meizoseismal area
SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING VIBRATION
DT Article
DE masonry school buildings; tie-columns; tie-beams; ductility; wall
   between the windows; Wenchuan earthquake; seismic damage
AB Several reinforcing schemes are illustrated that are based on the loading characteristics of typical country masonry school buildings with sparsely spaced transversal walls and large depth. From the seismic damage observed following the Wenchuan Earthquake, the effects of reinforcing schemes, tie-columns and tie-beams on the seismic resistance of masonry buildings are analyzed. The concept of improving the ductility of these types of buildings is presented. Finally, some suggestions are proposed for the design of masonry buildings with sparsely spaced transversal walls and large depth.
C1 [Yuan, Feng; Dan, Yi; Qiong, Bi] China SW Architecture Design Res Inst, Chengdu 610042, Peoples R China.
RP Yuan, F (corresponding author), China SW Architecture Design Res Inst, Chengdu 610042, Peoples R China.
EM xnyfy@vip.163.com
TC 4
Z9 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1671-3664
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 3
BP 359
EP 367
DI 10.1007/s11803-011-0072-2
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000295391800006
ER

PT J
AU Zhao, MS
   Huang, D
   Cao, MS
   Qiao, JP
AF Zhao, Mingsheng
   Huang, Dong
   Cao, Maosen
   Qiao, Jianping
TI Shaking table tests on deformation and failure mechanisms of seismic
   slope
SO JOURNAL OF VIBROENGINEERING
DT Article
DE shaking table model tests; dynamic responses; seismic slope behavior;
   seismic sliding surface; Wenchuan earthquake
ID 2008 WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; LANDSLIDE
AB The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China induced many landslides. Gigantic slope failures have attracted serious concerns in engineering practice; however, small slope failures should also be investigated as they are more common. In particular, the detailed characteristics of slope failures during earthquakes remain unknown. Therefore, the present study carried out 1-G shaking table tests on a straight shape slope model with different shaking intensities and frequencies. The test results showed the amplification of motion, the initiation of failure, and final failure mode of the straight shape slope. Also, the experimental results can be used to investigate the response and amplification behavior of some prototype slopes. The results are helpful to demonstrate the detailed collapsing behavior of the slope under earthquake excitation, and provide useful data to analyze the failure mechanism of landslides and valuable references for seismic design of landslide engineering.
C1 [Zhao, Mingsheng] Guizhou Xinlian Blasting Engn Grp Co Ltd, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R China.
   [Huang, Dong; Qiao, Jianping] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Mt Hazards & Surface Proc, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
   [Huang, Dong; Qiao, Jianping] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Mt & Environm, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
   [Huang, Dong; Qiao, Jianping] Minist Water Conservancy & Power, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
   [Cao, Maosen] Hohai Univ, Coll Mech & Mat, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
C3 Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hohai
   University
RP Huang, D (corresponding author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Mt Hazards & Surface Proc, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
EM mingshengzhao@126.com; hd1017@sohu.com; cmszhy@163.com;
   jpqiao@imde.ac.cn
TC 10
Z9 12
PU JVE INT LTD
PI KAUNAS
PA GELIU RATAS 15 A, KAUNAS, LT-50282, LITHUANIA
SN 1392-8716
PD FEB
PY 2015
VL 17
IS 1
BP 382
EP 392
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000349838900032
ER

PT J
AU Jiao, YY
   Tian, HN
   Wu, HZ
   Li, HB
   Tang, HM
AF Jiao, Yu-Yong
   Tian, Hu-Nan
   Wu, Huo-Zhen
   Li, Hai-Bo
   Tang, Hui-Ming
TI Numerical and experimental investigation on the stability of slopes
   threatened by earthquakes
SO ARABIAN JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCES
DT Article
DE Earthquake-induced landslide; Resonance modal analysis; Wenchuan
   earthquake; Spectrum characteristics; Intrinsic frequency
ID 2008 WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; INDUCED LANDSLIDES;
   WAVE-PROPAGATION; JOINTED ROCK; CHINA; SIMULATION; DDA
AB This paper presents a methodology for evaluating the safety of slopes threatened by strong earthquakes. Based on the theory of modal analysis, the proposed approach analyzes the seismic landslide spectrum, including the calculation of the landslide intrinsic frequency and the investigation of the resonance effect. The concept and the solution of the resonance index (RI) of the seismic landslide are also proposed. By using the VC++ computer language, corresponding dynamic finite element program, namely Analysis of Seismic Landslide Spectrum (ASLS), is developed. To verify the proposed method, three examples are presented: a fixed-end beam, a specially designed landslide vibration experiment, and the largest landslide triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. The obtained numerical and experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively evaluate the safety of seismic landslides. It is suggested that the resonance phenomenon of landslides should be considered in the landslide treatment and the seismic design.
C1 [Jiao, Yu-Yong; Tian, Hu-Nan; Wu, Huo-Zhen; Li, Hai-Bo] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, State Key Lab Geomech & Geotech Engn, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China.
   [Tang, Hui-Ming] China Univ Geosci, Fac Engn, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China.
C3 Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan Institute of Rock & Soil Mechanics,
   CAS; China University of Geosciences
RP Jiao, YY (corresponding author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, State Key Lab Geomech & Geotech Engn, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China.
EM yyjiao@whrsm.ac.cn
TC 6
Z9 7
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1866-7511
EI 1866-7538
PD JUL
PY 2015
VL 8
IS 7
BP 4353
EP 4364
DI 10.1007/s12517-014-1509-5
SC Geology
UT WOS:000357101200006
ER

PT J
AU Peng, Y
   Gu, XB
   Wang, ZM
   Li, QX
   Jiang, SL
AF Peng, Yi
   Gu, Xinbing
   Wang, Zhimin
   Li, Qiuxiang
   Jiang, Shuli
TI Behavior of Rural Victims and Local Government during Post-Disaster
   Reconstruction: Agent-Based Simulation
SO NATURAL HAZARDS REVIEW
DT Article
DE Concentrated rural settlement (CRS); Post-disaster reconstruction;
   Wenchuan earthquake; Agent-based simulation
ID SETTLEMENT DEVELOPMENT; RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM; LOWER ZAMBEZI; DISASTER;
   MODEL; DISPLACEMENT
AB Concentrated rural settlement (CRS) was used for housing reconstruction in Sichuan Province, China, after the Wenchuan earthquake. Although CRS is claimed to provide enhanced infrastructure and public services, a sufficient number of farmers should be involved to reduce costs. Existing studies on CRS reconstruction overlook potential conflicts during reconstruction, which may hinder CRS reconstruction. This study explores the collective behaviors of rural victims and the local government in the process of CRS reconstruction. Evolutionary game analysis and agent-based simulation are applied to identify the evolutionary stable strategy for rural victims and the local government. Findings of this study can facilitate the local government in improving post-disaster recovery in terms of CRS. It can also provide an alternative method for investigating the behaviors of stakeholders during resettlement after disasters in other regions and countries.
C1 [Peng, Yi; Gu, Xinbing; Wang, Zhimin; Li, Qiuxiang; Jiang, Shuli] Zhejiang Univ Finance & Econ, Sch Publ Adm, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
C3 Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics
RP Wang, ZM (corresponding author), Zhejiang Univ Finance & Econ, Sch Publ Adm, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
EM pengyihz@gmail.com; guxinbinghz@zufe.edu.cn; wzm@zufe.edu.cn;
   liqx@zufe.edu.cn; jiangshuli@zufe.edu.cn
TC 6
Z9 6
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1527-6988
EI 1527-6996
PD NOV 1
PY 2021
VL 22
IS 4
AR 04021051
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000511
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
UT WOS:000696608000001
ER

PT J
AU Kawashima, K
   Takahashi, Y
   Ge, HB
   Wu, ZS
   Zhang, JD
AF Kawashima, Kazuhiko
   Takahashi, Yoshikazu
   Ge, Hanbin
   Wu, Zhishen
   Zhang, Jiandong
TI Reconnaissance Report on Damage of Bridges in 2008 Wenchuan, China,
   Earthquake
SO JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
DT Article
DE Seismic Damage; Bridges; Wenchuan Earthquake; Failure Mechanism; Seismic
   Effect; Seismic Design
AB This is a reconnaissance report on the damage to bridges during the 2008 Wenchuan, China, earthquake. Site investigation was conducted by the authors on August 10-14, 2008. Presented is a detailed discussion of the damage to 12 bridges as well as possible damage mechanisms. Characteristics of two near-field ground accelerations and Chinese seismic bridge design practices are also presented. An investigation of the damage finds insufficient intensity of seismic design force, inadequate structural detailing for enhancing the ductility capacity, and an absence of unseating prevention devices.
C1 [Takahashi, Yoshikazu] Kyoto Univ, Disaster Prevent Res Inst, Kyoto, Japan.
   [Ge, Hanbin] Meijo Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
   [Wu, Zhishen] Ibaraki Univ, Dept Urban & Civil Engn, Ibaraki, Japan.
   [Zhang, Jiandong] Jiangsu Transportat Res Inst, Nanjing, Peoples R China.
   [Kawashima, Kazuhiko] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Tokyo 1528552, Japan.
C3 Kyoto University; Meijo University; Ibaraki University; Institute of
   Science Tokyo; Tokyo Institute of Technology
RP Kawashima, K (corresponding author), Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, 2-12-1 O Okayama, Tokyo 1528552, Japan.
EM kawashima.k.ae@m.titech.ac.jp
TC 212
Z9 245
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1363-2469
EI 1559-808X
PY 2009
VL 13
IS 7
BP 965
EP 996
DI 10.1080/13632460902859169
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000270315100004
ER

PT J
AU Xu, JP
   Xu, D
   Lu, Y
AF Xu, Jiuping
   Xu, Dun
   Lu, Yi
TI Resident participation in post-Lushan earthquake housing reconstruction:
   a multi-stage field research method-based inquiry
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS
DT Article
DE Multi-stakeholder collaboration; post-disaster; reconstruction;
   resident; participation; Lushan earthquake
ID 2008 WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; 2 MAJOR EARTHQUAKES; NORTHRIDGE EARTHQUAKE;
   UNITED-STATES; RECOVERY; COLLABORATION; COMMUNITIES; MANAGEMENT
AB In April 2013, a 7.0 Mw earthquake struck in Lushan County, Sichuan Province, China, causing serious housing damage. Housing reconstruction is a crucial part of disaster recovery, and resident participation has been recognized as a key part of reconstruction success. This paper examined housing reconstruction resident participation in the post-Lushan earthquake period as a multi-stage problem based on multi-stakeholder collaborative perspectives, which covered emergency shelter, temporary housing and permanent housing stages. Multi-stage field research was conducted in the affected areas, and the residents were found to be fully involved in the reconstruction with a high medium high' distribution across the three stages. Resident participation experiences were summarized in terms of previous earthquake education, NGO participation and community-based organization functions, and the reasons discussed, such as civic awareness and civic rights. Problems regarding improper reconstruction and cultural conflicts were also examined and valuable suggestions given.
C1 [Xu, Jiuping; Xu, Dun; Lu, Yi] Sichuan Univ, Inst Emergency Management & Reconstruct Postdisas, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
C3 Sichuan University
RP Xu, JP (corresponding author), Sichuan Univ, Inst Emergency Management & Reconstruct Postdisas, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
EM xujiuping@scu.edu.cn
TC 16
Z9 17
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1747-7891
EI 1878-0059
PY 2016
VL 15
IS 2
BP 128
EP 147
DI 10.1080/17477891.2016.1142417
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
UT WOS:000380149600003
ER

PT J
AU Chen, QF
   Wang, KL
AF Chen, Qi-Fu
   Wang, Kelin
TI The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake and Earthquake Prediction in China
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
DT Article
AB For historical reasons, earthquake prediction in China is government sanctioned and law regulated. During 1966-1976, coinciding with the political and social turmoil of the Cultural Revolution, there was an explosion of earthquake prediction. Enthusiasm climaxed with the prediction of the 1975 Haicheng earthquake, a prediction that was due mainly to the occurrence of an unusually pronounced foreshock sequence and the extraordinary readiness of some local officials of the time to issue imminent warning. Since the catastrophic Tangshan earthquake in 1976, there has been diminishing confidence in prediction and increasing emphasis on seismic risk mitigation. The M-w 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake of 12 May 2008 once again demonstrated the gloomy reality of earthquake prediction. In spite of the installation of massive precursor monitoring networks and an elaborate schedule of prediction conferences, no anomalous pattern was identified before this earthquake that would have enabled its prediction. Instead, the Wenchuan earthquake overwhelmingly demonstrated the vital importance of seismic risk mitigation. Different from Tangshan 1976, where seismic design was not required, such design was required for the Wenchuan area in 2008. Buildings that met the design standard suffered much less damage than those that did not. Notwithstanding, progress in practice lagged far behind the promulgation of regulations; stricter enforcement of seismic design provisions and wiser selection of construction sites would have prevented many deaths and greatly reduced the destruction of property. The prediction program in China has provided useful experience and taught many lessons. The most important lesson is that, regardless of its future potential, it is presently impractical to rely on prediction to prevent earthquake disasters. The practical approach is to strengthen the resilience of our built environment based on an assessment of seismic hazard.
C1 [Chen, Qi-Fu] China Earthquake Adm, Inst Earthquake Sci, Beijing 100036, Peoples R China.
   [Wang, Kelin] Geol Survey Canada, Sidney, BC, Canada.
C3 China Earthquake Administration; Natural Resources Canada; Lands &
   Minerals Sector - Natural Resources Canada; Geological Survey of Canada
RP Chen, QF (corresponding author), China Earthquake Adm, Inst Earthquake Sci, 63 Fuxing Ave, Beijing 100036, Peoples R China.
EM chenqf@seis.ac.cn; kwang@nrcan.gc.ca
TC 38
Z9 42
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
PD NOV 1
PY 2010
VL 100
IS 5B
BP 2840
EP 2857
DI 10.1785/0120090314
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
UT WOS:000283120600033
ER

PT J
AU Deng, F
AF Deng, Feng
TI Post-disaster reconfiguration of property rights in a transition economy
SO POST-COMMUNIST ECONOMIES
DT Article
ID LIABILITY RULES; HURRICANE-KATRINA; INSTITUTIONS; VIEW
AB This article draws on the ongoing reconstruction in Wenchuan earthquake areas and studies how a new world of private property rights affects post-disaster reconstruction. In addition to analysing particular problems related to rural housing, urban housing and housing finance, I argue that (1) more decentralised reconstruction planning might be needed for rural housing reconstruction, which is decentralised by nature; (2) the homeowners association may not be an efficient vehicle for urban housing reconstruction; (3) writing off all remaining mortgage balances is not fair to everybody. I also discuss three general themes related to post-disaster property rights. First, post-disaster reconfiguration may be an important opportunity for major change in the property rights regime, including the decline of informal or communal property rights. Second, the reconstruction approach is path-dependent and the trade-off between liability rules and property rules depends critically on how eminent domain is executed. Third, the well known 'safe development paradox' may also have a property rights dimension.
C1 [Deng, Feng] Chongqing Technol & Business Univ, Dept Urban & Reg Planning, Chongqing, Peoples R China.
   [Deng, Feng] Chongqing Technol & Business Univ, Res Ctr Econ Upper Reaches Yangtze River, Chongqing, Peoples R China.
C3 Chongqing Technology & Business University; Chongqing Technology &
   Business University
RP Deng, F (corresponding author), Chongqing Technol & Business Univ, Dept Urban & Reg Planning, Chongqing, Peoples R China.
EM dengfengf@gmail.com
TC 2
Z9 3
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-1377
EI 1465-3958
PY 2010
VL 22
IS 2
BP 193
EP 206
AR PII 922455284
DI 10.1080/14631371003740688
SC Business & Economics
UT WOS:000278006500005
ER

PT J
AU Lu, Y
   Xu, JP
AF Lu, Yi
   Xu, Jiuping
TI Comparative Study on the Key Issues of Postearthquake Recovery and
   Reconstruction Planning: Lessons from the United States, Japan, Iran,
   and China
SO NATURAL HAZARDS REVIEW
DT Article
DE Postearthquake recovery and reconstruction planning; Comparative study;
   United States; Japan; Iran; China
ID 1994 NORTHRIDGE EARTHQUAKE; 2 MAJOR EARTHQUAKES; HOUSING RECONSTRUCTION;
   POSTDISASTER RECOVERY; HAZARD MITIGATION; WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; NATURAL
   DISASTERS; KOBE EARTHQUAKE; PARTICIPATION; FRAMEWORK
AB Frequent catastrophic earthquakes have highlighted the significance of postearthquake recovery and reconstruction (PERR) planning, a dynamic and inclusive process which encourages the building of more resilient communities. This paper aims to provide some meaningful lessons for quake-prone countries through a review, comparison, and discussion of PERR planning success and failure factors in the 1994 Northridge earthquake in the United States, the 1995 Kobe earthquake in Japan, the 2003 Bam earthquake in Iran, and the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China. The authors then provide some guidance for PERR planning in key areas such as formulating predisaster planning, enabling participatory planning, capacity building for public involvement, schedule control, process coordination, developing catastrophe insurance, protecting vulnerable groups, and assessing plan quality. Further in-depth studies could be done to conduct broader crossnational comparisons on some important specific aspects, such as predisaster planning, participatory planning, and plan implementation. (C) 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Lu, Yi; Xu, Jiuping] Sichuan Univ, Inst Emergency Management & Reconstruct Postdisas, Chengdu 610064, Peoples R China.
C3 Sichuan University
RP Xu, JP (corresponding author), Sichuan Univ, Inst Emergency Management & Reconstruct Postdisas, Chengdu 610064, Peoples R China.
EM luyiscu@163.com; xujiuping@scu.edu.cn
TC 31
Z9 33
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1527-6988
EI 1527-6996
PD AUG
PY 2015
VL 16
IS 3
AR 04014033
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000172
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
UT WOS:000358179600011
ER

PT J
AU Zhang, CH
AF Zhang Chuhan
TI THE PERFORMANCE OF DAMS DURING THE WENCHUAN 5-12 EARTHQUAKE AND LESSONS
   LEARNED FROM THE EVENT
SO JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI
DT Article
DE Wenchuan earthquake; dams
AB The performance of dams and hydropower structures during the Wenchuan 5-12 Earthquake is reviewed. Experiences and lessons learned from the seismic catastrophe of the earthquake are summarized and comments and discussions are forwarded, on the following subjects: (1) current seismic design specifications for hydraulic structures; (2) reservoir triggered earthquakes; (3) effects of secondary earthquake disasters, especially landslides and barrier lakes; and (4) mitigation measures and facilities especially for rescue activities.
C1 [Zhang Chuhan] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
   [Zhang Chuhan] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China.
C3 Tsinghua University; Chinese Academy of Sciences
RP Zhang, CH (corresponding author), Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
EM zch-dhh@tsinghua.edu.cn
TC 3
Z9 9
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 1793-4311
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 4
SI SI
BP 309
EP 327
DI 10.1142/S179343111100111X
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering
UT WOS:000297520400001
ER

PT J
AU Sun, HL
   Zhang, AP
   Cao, JT
AF Sun, Hongling
   Zhang, Aiping
   Cao, Jiangtao
TI Earthquake response analysis for stairs about frame structure
SO ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
DT Article
DE Plate stairs; Earthquake damages; ETABS; Stair anti-seismic design
AB Based on the 2008 code for anti-seismic design of the buildings, the earthquake damages about the staircases and stairs in Wenchuan Earthquake are briefly analyzed. To study the stair influence about frame structure for seismic performances, the structural dynamic property about the stair location, the whole structure response and the bearing capacity of the stair components are analyzed through computational datum of ETABS software. The analyses shows that the supporting effect of staircases alters natural period, angular displacement between the layers and internal forces in frame columns of the whole structure and makes great influence on the whole structure strength. We should pay much attention to the seismic design about stairs. Some concepts of earthquake-proof design and construction measures are also put forward in the paper. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sun, Hongling; Zhang, Aiping; Cao, Jiangtao] Southwest Petr Univ, Coll Civil Engn & Architecture, Chengdu 610500, Peoples R China.
C3 Southwest Petroleum University
RP Sun, HL (corresponding author), Southwest Petr Univ, Coll Civil Engn & Architecture, Chengdu 610500, Peoples R China.
EM tujianxingzhu620@163.com
TC 15
Z9 17
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1350-6307
EI 1873-1961
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 33
BP 490
EP 496
DI 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2013.06.023
SC Engineering; Materials Science
UT WOS:000324082700039
ER

PT J
AU Zhang, Y
   Zhang, DL
   Li, XJ
   Huang, B
   Zheng, WJ
   Wang, YJ
AF Zhang, Yan
   Zhang, Dongli
   Li, Xiaojun
   Huang, Bei
   Zheng, Wenjun
   Wang, Yuejun
TI Fault Structural Control on Earthquake Strong Ground Motions: The 2008
   Wenchuan Earthquake as an Example
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
DT Article
DE Fault structural control; strong ground motion; the 2008 Wenchuan
   earthquake; high-angle listric reverse fault; PGAs
ID 1999 CHI-CHI; LONGMEN SHAN RANGE; TAIWAN EARTHQUAKE; NORTHRIDGE
   EARTHQUAKE; TIBETAN PLATEAU; DIPPING FAULTS; THRUST FAULTS; HANGING
   WALL; SLIP; GEOMETRY
AB Continental thrust faulting earthquakes pose severe threats to megacities across the world. Recent events show the possible control of fault structures on strong ground motions. The seismogenic structure of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake is associated with high-angle listric reverse fault zones. Its peak ground accelerations (PGAs) show a prominent feature of fault zone amplification: the values within the 30- to 40-km-wide fault zone block are significantly larger than those on both the hanging wall and the footwall. The PGA values attenuate asymmetrically: they decay much more rapidly in the footwall than in the hanging wall. The hanging wall effects can be seen on both the vertical and horizontal components of the PGAs, with the former significantly more prominent than the latter. All these characteristics can be adequately interpreted by upward extrusion of the high-angle listric reverse fault zone block. Through comparison with a low-angle planar thrust fault associated with the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake, we conclude that different fault structures might have controlled different patterns of strong ground motion, which should be taken into account in seismic design and construction.
C1 [Zhang, Yan; Zhang, Dongli; Zheng, Wenjun; Wang, Yuejun] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Engn, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Geodynam & Geohazards, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
   [Zhang, Dongli; Huang, Bei; Zheng, Wenjun] China Earthquake Adm, Inst Geol, State Key Lab Earthquake Dynam, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
   [Li, Xiaojun] China Earthquake Adm, Inst Geophys, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
C3 Sun Yat Sen University; China Earthquake Administration; Institute of
   Geology, CEA; China Earthquake Administration; Institute of Geophysics,
   CEA
RP Zhang, DL (corresponding author), Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Engn, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Geodynam & Geohazards, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
EM zhangdongli@mail.sysu.edu.cn
TC 2
Z9 2
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
EI 1420-9136
PD FEB
PY 2018
VL 175
IS 2
SI SI
BP 597
EP 609
DI 10.1007/s00024-017-1738-0
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
UT WOS:000426100500007
ER

PT J
AU Chang, Y
   Wilkinson, S
   Seville, E
   Potangaroa, R
AF Chang, Yan
   Wilkinson, Suzanne
   Seville, Erica
   Potangaroa, Regan
TI Changes in resource need for post-disaster reconstruction: a
   longitudinal study in China
SO BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION
DT Article
DE construction materials; cost escalation; post-disaster reconstruction;
   recovery strategy; resource shortage; China
ID HOUSING RECONSTRUCTION
AB Following a major disaster, shortages of resources and the increased costs of building materials are likely to slow post-disaster reconstruction. To examine the resource needs for post-disaster housing reconstruction, a longitudinal study was conducted between 2008 and 2010 of the Wenchuan earthquake-impacted Mianzhu City in China. Cost escalation of the common materials of brick, cement, aggregate and steel shows the varying correlation between material requirements and the reconstruction progress. Based on in-field surveys and interviews, the underlying drivers that contributed to changes in the cost of these materials were identified. Findings suggest that apart from physical disaster impacts and urgency of housing reconstruction, other effects, such as legislative interventions and the economic environment, are primary factors in explaining changes in resource requirements. Cost changes for brick and aggregate were to a great extent influenced by local policies and mandates. In contrast, cost changes for non-localized materials such as cement and steel were largely dominated by broader economic effects and domestic strategies in China. To reduce potential resource cost fluctuations and their impacts on recovery, robust post-disaster reconstruction planning is needed and requires systematic mapping and monitoring of resource demands over the reconstruction period.
C1 [Chang, Yan; Wilkinson, Suzanne] Univ Auckland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Auckland 1061, New Zealand.
   [Seville, Erica] Univ Canterbury, Dept Civil Engn, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
   [Potangaroa, Regan] Unitec, Sch Architecture, Auckland 1025, New Zealand.
C3 University of Auckland; University of Canterbury; Unitec NZ
RP Chang, Y (corresponding author), Univ Auckland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1061, New Zealand.
EM ycha233@aucklanduni.ac.nz; s.wilkinson@auckland.ac.nz;
   erica.seville@canterbury.ac.nz; rpotangaroa@unitec.ac.nz
TC 24
Z9 25
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0961-3218
PY 2012
VL 40
IS 3
BP 327
EP 336
DI 10.1080/09613218.2012.684867
SC Construction & Building Technology
UT WOS:000304803200007
ER

PT J
AU Lin, P
   Huang, B
   Li, QB
   Wang, RK
AF Lin, Peng
   Huang, Bo
   Li, Qingbin
   Wang, Renkun
TI Hazard and seismic reinforcement analysis for typical large dams
   following the Wenchuan earthquake
SO ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
DT Article
DE Wenchuan 8.0 earthquake; Reservoir hazards; Dam hazards; Seismic
   performance; Dam seismic reinforcement
ID SETTLEMENT; BEICHUAN; TUNNELS
AB The primary aim of this research is to analyze the hazards and seismic performance of reservoirs and typical large dams based on a field investigation following the Wenchuan 8.0 earthquake. The current seismic performance standards being achieved are discussed and further suggestions are given for super high dams. Based on field investigations, statistics are also given on damaged small reservoirs and damage severities, due to the many various types of earthquake threat. It is of interest to note that the major structures of the medium-sized hydropower stations on the Minjiang river did withstand the Wenchuan earthquake, despite earthquake intensity exceeding engineering design expectations. All the dams remained overall stable. The Shapai roller-compacted concrete (RCC) arch dam and the Zipingpu concrete-faced rockfill (CFR) dam suffered damage. The main earthquake-induced hazards to the dam structures and to both abutments are detailed. Case study analyses of the hazards and reinforcement provision revealed that: 1) The Wenchuan earthquake proved very dangerous for small reservoirs, with destroyed reservoirs widely distributed. The risk of failure of small dams can be classified into three levels based on field investigation. 2) The damage to and behavior of the large dams in the area affected by the earthquake prove that the Chinese codes relating to the seismic design of large dams are appropriate. 3) Appropriate reinforcement can increase the overall stiffness of abutments, riverbed foundation and the adjacent slopes, further improving the seismic performance of dams. 4) The design and management of emergency responses, to cope with extreme conditions, should be improved, and a unified response platform, covering all hydropower engineering projects in each valley should be established. The effects to be expected and the seismic design measures to be taken still pose great challenges for engineers in respect of large dams. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lin, Peng; Li, Qingbin] Tsinghua Univ, State Key Lab Hydrosci & Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
   [Huang, Bo] Zhejiang Univ, MOE Key Lab Soft Soils & Geoenvironm Engn, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
   [Wang, Renkun] China Hydropower Engn Consulting Grp Co, Chengdu Hydroelect Invest & Design Inst, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
C3 Tsinghua University; Zhejiang University
RP Lin, P (corresponding author), Tsinghua Univ, State Key Lab Hydrosci & Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
EM celinpe@tsinghua.edu.cn; huangbo@zju.edu.cn; qingbinli@tsinghua.edu.cn;
   wrenkun@chidi.com.cn
TC 46
Z9 52
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0013-7952
EI 1872-6917
PD AUG 26
PY 2015
VL 194
SI SI
BP 86
EP 97
DI 10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.05.011
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000360416400009
ER

PT J
AU Wang, D
   Xie, LL
AF Wang, Dong
   Xie, Lili
TI Study on Response Spectral Acceleration from the Great Wenchuan, China
   Earthquake of May 12, 2008
SO JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
DT Article
DE Wenchuan Earthquake; Response Spectral Acceleration; Attenuation;
   Vertical-to-Horizontal (VH) Ratio of Response Spectra; Chinese Seismic
   Design Code
ID SICHUAN
AB The Mw7.9 Wenchuan earthquake produced a rich set of over 1,400 accelerograms, which helped us to better understand strong ground motions from such a large event. Using the abundant data, we investigated the characteristics of response spectral accelerations from this event. This study includes: the spatial distribution of spectral amplitudes at three periods selected to represent ground motions at short, short-middle, and middle-long period ranges; attenuations of response spectral accelerations at periods between 0.05 and 10 s; comparison between the observed ground motions and predicted motions from empirically based equations [Abrahamson and Silva,1997; Boore et al., 1997; Campbell, 1997; Huo, 1989] commonly used in America and China; comparison between the average response spectra at three distance bins and the Chinese seismic design spectra under major earthquake (with the recurrent interval of over 2,000 years);, the vertical-to-horizontal ratio of response spectra and its dependence on the rupture distance, period, and local site condition; and comparison between the fault-normal and fault-parallel component spectral accelerations within the rupture distance of 60 km. Based on these analyses, we finally drew some conclusions regarding the engineering characteristics of spectral accelerations from large earthquakes, such as Wenchuan of Mw 7.9.
C1 [Wang, Dong; Xie, Lili] China Earthquake Adm, Inst Engn Mech, Harbin 150080, Peoples R China.
   [Xie, Lili] Harbin Inst Technol, Sch Civil Engn & Architecture, Harbin 150006, Peoples R China.
C3 China Earthquake Administration; Institute of Engineering Mechanics,
   CEA; Harbin Institute of Technology
RP Wang, D (corresponding author), China Earthquake Adm, Inst Engn Mech, 29 Xuefu Rd, Harbin 150080, Peoples R China.
EM wangdong_iem@163.com
TC 4
Z9 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1363-2469
PY 2010
VL 14
IS 6
BP 934
EP 952
AR PII 924159046
DI 10.1080/13632461003611095
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000279718200007
ER

PT J
AU Liu, HS
   Bo, JS
   Li, P
   Qi, WH
   Zhang, YD
AF Liu Hongshuai
   Bo Jingshan
   Li Ping
   Qi Wenhao
   Zhang Yudong
TI Site amplification effects as an explanation for the intensity anomaly
   in the Hanyuan Town during the Wenchuan M w 7.9
   earthquake
SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING VIBRATION
DT Article
DE Wenchuan earthquake; Hanyuan Town; high-intensity anomaly; site amplifi
   cation; rare earthquake
ID DAMAGE DISTRIBUTION; BUILDING DAMAGE; MOTION
AB The Hanyuan Town is located approximately 200 km from the macro-epicenter of the great Wenchuan earthquake. However, it is within the only Intensity VIII zone, surrounded by a region of Intensity VI. The objective of this study was to investigate this high-intensity anomaly with respect to the site amplifications in the Hanyuan Town. The base inputs were derived from the records at a nearby strong-motion station because no records were available from the town. The characteristics of the subsurface formations and their dynamic properties at a typical site in the town were obtained by drilling, field tests and laboratory tests. Seismic response and parametric sensitivity analyses of the site were conducted using Shake 91, and the results were compared with the provisions for rare earthquakes from the Chinese Code for Seismic Design of Buildings (GBJ11-89). The results showed that the average peak acceleration at the site during the Wenchuan earthquake is similar to the code-specified value under rare earthquakes, that the corresponding spectral accelerations for periods between approximately 0.35 and 0.75 s are significantly stronger than those specified by the code and that the average amplification factor at the site is significantly higher than the mean value of the site class. These findings indicate that the high-intensity anomaly in the town was primarily caused by site amplification effects from the unique structure of the soil strata.
C1 [Liu Hongshuai] Natl Earthquake Infrastruct Serv, Beijing 100036, Peoples R China.
   [Bo Jingshan; Li Ping; Zhang Yudong] Inst Disaster Prevent, Sanhe 065201, Peoples R China.
   [Bo Jingshan; Qi Wenhao] China Earthquake Adm, Inst Engn Mech, Key Lab Earthquake Engn & Engn Vibrat, Harbin 150080, Peoples R China.
C3 China Earthquake Administration; Institute of Disaster Prevention, CEA;
   China Earthquake Administration; Institute of Engineering Mechanics, CEA
RP Bo, JS (corresponding author), Inst Disaster Prevent, Sanhe 065201, Peoples R China.
EM bojingshan@163.com
TC 14
Z9 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA ONE NEW YORK PLAZA, SUITE 4600, NEW YORK, NY, UNITED STATES
SN 1671-3664
EI 1993-503X
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 15
IS 3
BP 435
EP 444
DI 10.1007/s11803-016-0334-0
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000382934200002
ER

PT J
AU Zhang, LX
   Chen, XA
   Skalomenos, KA
   Lin, XC
   Zhu, BJ
AF Zhang, Lingxin
   Chen, Xianan
   Skalomenos, Konstantinos A.
   Lin, Xuchuan
   Zhu, Baijie
TI Investigation on the seismic performance of single-span RC frame school
   buildings retrofitted with wing walls under different seismic design
   intensities
SO STRUCTURES
DT Article
DE Single-span RC frame structure; Wing wall retrofit; Random pushover
   analysis; Seismic vulnerability; Seismic reliability
AB School buildings with single-span reinforced concrete (RC) frames had been widely constructed in southern China before 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake. The use of wing walls is a very convenient way to enhance the seismic performance of such buildings. In this study, the applicability of wing walls for seismic retrofit of old existing single-span RC frame school buildings is systematically examined under different seismic design intensities. An improved random pushover analysis method is developed in order to perform seismic vulnerability assessment and reliability analyses. A typical single-span RC frame school building was selected as the prototype structure, which was designed for various seismic design intensity degrees according to the new seismic design code (GB50011-2001) and the old seismic design code (GB50011-2010 (2016 edition)), respectively. Three types of structures, including new code-designed structures, old code-designed structures and old code-designed struc-tures retrofitted with wing walls are investigated with extensive seismic vulnerability assessment and reliability analyses. The analysis results indicate that the seismic performance of old code-designed structures can be improved significantly after being retrofitted with RC wing walls. Under lower seismic design intensities, wing wall-retrofitted structures behaved similarly well with the corresponding new code-designed structures. Under higher seismic design intensities, the seismic performance of wing wall-retrofitted structures were not improved sufficiently to meet the requirement of the new seismic design code.
C1 [Zhang, Lingxin; Chen, Xianan; Lin, Xuchuan; Zhu, Baijie] China Earthquake Adm, Inst Engn Mech, Key Lab Earthquake Engn & Engn Vibrat, Beijing, Peoples R China.
   [Zhang, Lingxin; Chen, Xianan; Lin, Xuchuan; Zhu, Baijie] Minist Emergency Management, Key Lab Earthquake Disaster Mitigat, Beijing, Peoples R China.
   [Skalomenos, Konstantinos A.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Engn, Dept Civil Engn, Birmingham B15 2TT, England.
C3 China Earthquake Administration; University of Birmingham
RP Chen, XA (corresponding author), China Earthquake Adm, Inst Engn Mech, Key Lab Earthquake Engn & Engn Vibrat, Beijing, Peoples R China.; Chen, XA (corresponding author), Minist Emergency Management, Key Lab Earthquake Disaster Mitigat, Beijing, Peoples R China.
EM xianan0527@126.com
TC 5
Z9 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA STE 800, 230 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10169 USA
SN 2352-0124
PD OCT
PY 2022
VL 44
BP 1945
EP 1961
DI 10.1016/j.istruc.2022.08.113
EA SEP 2022
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000855940600002
ER

PT J
AU Wang, ZZ
   Gao, B
   Jiang, YJ
   Yuan, S
AF Wang ZhengZheng
   Gao Bo
   Jiang YuanJun
   Yuan Song
TI Investigation and assessment on mountain tunnels and geotechnical damage
   after the Wenchuan earthquake
SO SCIENCE IN CHINA SERIES E-TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES
DT Article
DE damage investigation; wenchuan earthquake; mountain tunnels; ground
   failures
AB On May 12, 2008, a strong earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 (Ms) struck Wenchuan town, in the eastern Sichuan area of west China. Following the earthquake on May 18, the Southwest Jiaotong University organized a damage survey team and dispatched it to the affected area for the investigation into the damage and collection of information and data. This paper outlines the findings of this investigation on the earthquake disaster to mountain tunnels and geotechnical engineering. The systematic investigation, involving geological conditions, design documents, construction and maintenance records of the tunnels, has been conducted and the degree of damage to investigated tunnels has been assessed according to the width and length of cracks, the stability of the slope above the tunnel, and the condition of the groundwater inrush. The results show that the major damage of the mountain tunnels was mainly concentrated in the tunnel portals due to widespread landslides and rockfalls, and the inner part of investigated tunnels suffered moderate damages mainly due to fault displacements. It is hoped that the information shared herein could enhance the outstanding of seismic behavior of mountain tunnels and improve seismic design and construction procedures.
C1 [Wang ZhengZheng; Gao Bo; Yuan Song] SW Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chengdu 610031, Peoples R China.
   [Jiang YuanJun] Univ Tokyo, Dept Civil Engn, Tokyo 1138656, Japan.
C3 Southwest Jiaotong University; University of Tokyo
RP Wang, ZZ (corresponding author), SW Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chengdu 610031, Peoples R China.
EM ipod2prince@yahoo.com.cn
TC 219
Z9 289
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1006-9321
PD FEB
PY 2009
VL 52
IS 2
BP 546
EP 558
DI 10.1007/s11431-009-0054-z
SC Engineering; Materials Science
UT WOS:000263116700036
ER

PT J
AU Li, QS
   Umaier, K
   Chen, Y
   Koide, O
AF Li, Qiushan
   Umaier, Kabilijiang
   Chen, Yun
   Koide, Osamu
TI Comparative analysis of urban and rural housing reconstruction post 9.21
   Chi-Chi and 5.12 Wenchuan earthquakes: complexity, challenges and policy
   exploration
SO DISASTER PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT
DT Article
DE Housing reconstruction; Post-disaster reconstruction policy; Recovery
   and resilience; Reconstruction mechanism; Land resource management
AB PurposeDue to significant differences between urban and rural areas in terms of geographical environment, building scale, resident culture, social organization and other aspects, the post-disaster recovery and reconstruction models for both exhibit substantial variation. This study identifies critical strategic issues that must be addressed in housing reconstruction in the context of different social structures of urban-rural "integration" and urban-rural "dualization" to achieve the goal of "building back better" in the future.Design/methodology/approachBy taking the experience of the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake and the Taiwan 9.21 earthquake as a reference, this study provides a thematic analysis and systematic summary of the entire process of post-disaster housing reconstruction.FindingsA successful housing reconstruction process should actively engage disaster-affected populations through participatory institutional design. Providing a diverse housing reconstruction model can coordinate the interests of the government, the market and affected individuals, promoting harmony of residential, productive and ecological functions. However, it can also lead to the division of existing communities.Research limitations/implicationsThis research relies on existing literature, government publications, academic studies and news reports, which may carry inherent biases or omissions. Future research can benefit from conducting more extensive and long-term post-reconstruction surveys to assess the sustained impact of recovery efforts while also considering additional data sources to ensure comprehensive and unbiased analyses.Practical implicationsWith the support of post-disaster reconstruction policies, diverse changes in land use can lead to urban and rural spatial pattern reform and sustainable regional development, providing a reference for formulating optimal strategies.Social implicationsThis study carries significant societal implications by addressing critical strategic issues in housing reconstruction within varying urban-rural social structures. It highlights the importance of engaging affected populations through participatory design and harmonizing government, market and individual interests. The research introduces strategies for activating rural construction land quotas and creating new funding sources, promoting sustainable regional development. Its findings contribute to post-disaster reconstruction models, offering valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, ultimately leading to more effective and inclusive recovery efforts and benefiting disaster-prone areas worldwide.Originality/valueThis research primarily investigates the market circulation patterns of urban and rural land under different social structures, delves into the strategies for sources of housing reconstruction funding, along with an assessment of their effectiveness.
C1 [Li, Qiushan; Umaier, Kabilijiang; Chen, Yun; Koide, Osamu] Sichuan Univ Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Disaster Management & Reconstruct, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
C3 Hong Kong Polytechnic University
RP Li, QS (corresponding author), Sichuan Univ Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Disaster Management & Reconstruct, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
EM liqiushan@scu.edu.cn
TC 0
Z9 0
PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD
PI Leeds
PA Floor 5, Northspring 21-23 Wellington Street, Leeds, W YORKSHIRE,
   ENGLAND
SN 0965-3562
EI 1758-6100
PD AUG 12
PY 2024
VL 33
IS 4
BP 406
EP 424
DI 10.1108/DPM-10-2023-0272
EA AUG 2024
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Business & Economics
UT WOS:001281989500001
ER

PT J
AU Wang, ZJ
   Zhao, BM
AF Wang, Zijun
   Zhao, Boming
TI Correlations between structural damage and ground motion parameters
   during the Ms8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake
SO SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
DT Article
DE collapse ratio; seismic coefficient; strong ground motion
   characteristics; structural anti-seismic performance; vulnerability;
   Wenchuan earthquake
ID ACCELERATION
AB The Wenchuan Earthquake with a magnitude of Ms 8.0 struck the Sichuan province of China on May 12, 2008, where it mainly affected the area along the Longmenshan fault. In total, 420 three-component acceleration records were obtained by the China Strong Motion Networks Centre during this seismic event, among which over 50 records exceeded 100 gal. In the present study, we collected 48 near-fault acceleration records to derive strong ground motion parameters in terms of the peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, peak spectrum acceleration (5% of the damping ratio) and spectrum intensity (5% of damping ratio). We determined the building collapse ratios (CRs) for 20 targeted districts based on data acquired from both the China Earthquake Administration and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, where the CRs combined the data for all building types. Fragility curves were established between the CRs and the corresponding ground motion parameters, based on which the damage criteria were proposed. In particular, we derived the fragility curves for brick-concrete structures and frame-structures. These curves indicate how different structural types can determine the damage sustained. In addition, we developed a method for estimating building damage classifications. If we assume that buildings are built according to the improved Seismic Fortification Criterion in the revised "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings", the predicted CRs for the 20 targeted districts would be significantly lower compared with the actual damage they sustained, which illustrates the validity of both the method and the revised code. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Zijun; Zhao, Boming] Beijing Jiaotong Univ, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China.
C3 Beijing Jiaotong University
RP Zhao, BM (corresponding author), Beijing Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China.
EM bmzhao@bjtu.edu.cn
TC 16
Z9 19
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0267-7261
EI 1879-341X
PD MAY
PY 2015
VL 72
BP 129
EP 137
DI 10.1016/j.soildyn.2014.11.005
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000353426300012
ER

PT J
AU Chang, Y
   Wilkinson, S
   Potangaroa, R
   Seville, E
AF Chang, Yan
   Wilkinson, Suzanne
   Potangaroa, Regan
   Seville, Erica
TI Resourcing challenges for post-disaster housing reconstruction: a
   comparative analysis
SO BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION
DT Article
DE emergency preparedness; housing; non-governmental organizations (NGOs);
   post-disaster reconstruction; resource availability; resource
   management; resourcing; sustainability
ID PROJECTS; CONSTRUCTION; MITIGATION; MANAGEMENT; ALLOCATION; EARTHQUAKE;
   LESSONS; TSUNAMI; NIAS; ACEH
AB Post-disaster housing reconstruction is likely to suffer project deficiencies in relation to the availability of resources. Inefficiencies in dealing with resource shortages in the aftermath of a catastrophe can trigger economic and environmental impacts on the affected areas. Based on data collected from field research in China, Indonesia, and Australia, three types of resource-led reconstruction strategies are compared: government driven, donor driven, and market driven. Conventional interventions from the Chinese government (e.g. price restrictions and discouraging profiteering to regulate the market) were unable to meet the long-term reconstruction needs after the Wenchuan earthquake (2008). Complexity inherent in both internal and external environments in Indonesia compromised donors' efforts in post-tsunami (2004) resource procurement. Market-oriented resourcing processes in Australian bushfire (2009) reconstruction are unlikely to succeed without facilitated solutions from the government and institutions. The answer to effective resource management for post-disaster reconstruction lies in the appropriateness of the responses and improvements to address resourcing challenges. The success of resourcing depends on multi-stakeholder collaboration and the development of polices, plans, and tools to allow market flexibility, donor management, and government intervention.
C1 [Chang, Yan] Univ Auckland, Auckland Mail Ctr, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
   [Wilkinson, Suzanne] Univ Auckland, Auckland Mail Ctr, Auckland 1061, New Zealand.
   [Potangaroa, Regan] UNITEC, Sch Architecture ScALA, Auckland, New Zealand.
   [Seville, Erica] Univ Canterbury, Dept Civil Engn, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
C3 University of Auckland; University of Auckland; Unitec NZ; University of
   Canterbury
RP Chang, Y (corresponding author), Univ Auckland, Auckland Mail Ctr, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
EM ycha233@aucklanduni.ac.nz; s.wilkinson@auckland.ac.nz;
   rpotangaroa@unitec.ac.nz; erica.seville@canterbury.ac.nz
TC 97
Z9 117
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0961-3218
PY 2010
VL 38
IS 3
BP 247
EP 264
AR PII 921486258
DI 10.1080/09613211003693945
SC Construction & Building Technology
UT WOS:000277490900002
ER

PT J
AU Yang, S
   Mavroeidis, GP
AF Yang, Shuo
   Mavroeidis, George P.
TI Bridges crossing fault rupture zones: A review
SO SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
DT Review
DE Case study; Fault rupture zone; Fault-crossing bridge; Experimental
   investigation; Simplified analysis; Numerical analysis; Response history
   analysis; Seismic design code
ID THOMAS SUSPENSION BRIDGE; SEISMICALLY ISOLATED BRIDGE; 2008 WENCHUAN
   EARTHQUAKE; 1999 DUZCE EARTHQUAKE; LOG-A OBSERVATIONS; BOLU VIADUCT;
   GROUND MOTIONS; DISPLACEMENT HAZARD; NONLINEAR-ANALYSIS; LOMA-PRIETA
AB Several earthquakes over the past two decades have demonstrated that bridges crossing fault rupture zones may suffer significant damage due to the combined effects of ground shaking and surface rupture. Although it is widely recommended to avoid building a bridge across a fault, it is not always possible to achieve this objective, especially in regions with a dense network of active faults. This review begins by compiling two databases: one of fault-crossing bridges damaged in past earthquakes and another of bridges crossing potentially active fault rupture zones. The article then continues to review findings of experimental, analytical and numerical studies, and to summarize seismic design provisions and recommendations related to fault -crossing bridges. The review ends with suggestions for future research directions in this area.
C1 [Yang, Shuo; Mavroeidis, George P.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
C3 University of Notre Dame
RP Mavroeidis, GP (corresponding author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
EM g.mavroeidis@nd.edu
TC 76
Z9 93
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0267-7261
EI 1879-341X
PD OCT
PY 2018
VL 113
BP 545
EP 571
DI 10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.03.027
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000447086000044
ER

PT J
AU Qu, HL
   Luo, H
   Hu, HG
   Jia, HY
   Zhang, DY
AF Qu, Hong-Lue
   Luo, Hao
   Hu, Huan-Guo
   Jia, Hong-Yu
   Zhang, De-Yi
TI Dynamic response of anchored sheet pile wall under ground motion:
   Analytical model with experimental validation
SO SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
DT Article
DE Anchored sheet pile wall; Dynamic response; Seismic design; Analytical
   model; Shake-table test
ID SEISMIC STABILITY; SOIL; DESIGN; LOAD
AB Anchored stabilizing pile is a typical earthquake-resistant structure in reinforced slope with advantages of safety, reliability and low cost. It demonstrated excellent seismic performance during the 2008 Great Wenchuan earthquake. However, due to the complexity of the structural system, the coupling relationship between soil, pile, and anchor cable is not well understood at present. This paper developed an analytical model in modeling the dynamic responses of the pile, anchor cable and soil slope system based on Winkler elastic foundation beam theory. The seismic design of the anchored sheet pile wall can then be carried out. An experimental shake-table test was conducted to validate the proposed analytical model. Through the test, the displacements of the pile, axial force of the anchor cable, and earth pressure along the pile derived from the analytical model were validated by the test results. It shows that the proposed analytical model is suitable for the practical application and can provide theoretical basis for dynamic response analysis and seismic design of anchored sheet pile wall.
C1 [Qu, Hong-Lue; Luo, Hao] Southwest Petr Univ, Sch Geosci & Technol, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
   [Hu, Huan-Guo] Southwest Petr Univ, Sch Civil Engn & Architecture, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
   [Jia, Hong-Yu; Zhang, De-Yi] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
   [Zhang, De-Yi] Ontario Power Generat, Dept Engn Mech, Pickering, ON L1W 3J2, Canada.
C3 Southwest Petroleum University; Southwest Petroleum University;
   Southwest Jiaotong University
RP Qu, HL (corresponding author), Southwest Petr Univ, Sch Geosci & Technol, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, Peoples R China.; Zhang, DY (corresponding author), Ontario Power Generat, Dept Engn Mech, Pickering, ON L1W 3J2, Canada.
EM zhangdyhit@gmail.com
TC 64
Z9 70
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0267-7261
EI 1879-341X
PD DEC
PY 2018
VL 115
BP 896
EP 906
DI 10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.09.015
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000454974400073
ER

PT J
AU Li, G
   Jiang, Y
   Zhang, SC
   Zeng, Y
   Li, Q
AF Li Gang
   Jiang Yi
   Zhang Shuchuan
   Zeng Yan
   Li Qiang
TI Seismic design or retrofit of buildings with metallic structural fuses
   by the damage-reduction spectrum
SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING VIBRATION
DT Article
DE seismic design; structural fuse; damage-reduction spectrum; retrofit
ID BRACED FRAME BUILDINGS; STEEL; BEHAVIOR
AB Recently, the structural fuse has become an important issue in the field of earthquake engineering. Due to the trilinearity of the pushover curve of buildings with metallic structural fuses, the mechanism of the structural fuse is investigated through the ductility equation of a single-degree-of-freedom system, and the corresponding damage-reduction spectrum is proposed to design and retrofit buildings. Furthermore, the controlling parameters, the stiffness ratio between the main frame and structural fuse and the ductility factor of the main frame, are parametrically studied, and it is shown that the structural fuse concept can be achieved by specific combinations of the controlling parameters based on the proposed damage-reduction spectrum. Finally, a design example and a retrofit example, variations of real engineering projects after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design procedures using buckling restrained braces as the structural fuses.
C1 [Li Gang; Zeng Yan] Dalian Univ Technol, State Key Lab Struct Anal Ind Equipment, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China.
   [Jiang Yi] CCCC Third Harbor Consultants Co Ltd, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China.
   [Zhang Shuchuan; Li Qiang] Xiamen Hordor Architecture & Engn Design Grp Co L, Xiamen 361004, Peoples R China.
C3 Dalian University of Technology
RP Li, G (corresponding author), Dalian Univ Technol, State Key Lab Struct Anal Ind Equipment, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China.
EM ligang@dlut.edu.cn
TC 10
Z9 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1671-3664
EI 1993-503X
PD MAR
PY 2015
VL 14
IS 1
BP 85
EP 96
DI 10.1007/s11803-015-0008-3
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000349953600007
ER

PT J
AU Zhang, CQ
   Zhou, Y
   Zhou, DY
   Lu, XL
AF Zhang Cuiqiang
   Zhou Ying
   Zhou Deyuan
   Lu Xilin
TI Study on the effect of the infill walls on the seismic performance of a
   reinforced concrete frame
SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING VIBRATION
DT Article
DE infill walls; RC frame structure; strong column and weak beam; strong
   beam and weak column; nonlinear time history analysis
ID MASONRY
AB Motivated by the seismic damage observed to reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures during the Wenchuan earthquake, the effect of infill walls on the seismic performance of a RC frame is studied in this paper. Infill walls, especially those made of masonry, offer some amount of stiffness and strength. Therefore, the effect of infill walls should be considered during the design of RC frames. In this study, an analysis of the recorded ground motion in the Wenchuan earthquake is performed. Then, a numerical model is developed to simulate the infill walls. Finally, nonlinear dynamic analysis is carried out on a RC frame with and without infill walls, respectively, by using CANNY software. Through a comparative analysis, the following conclusions can be drawn. The failure mode of the frame with infill walls is in accordance with the seismic damage failure pattern, which is strong beam and weak column mode. This indicates that the infill walls change the failure pattern of the frame, and it is necessary to consider them in the seismic design of the RC frame. The numerical model presented in this paper can effectively simulate the effect of infill walls on the RC frame.
C1 [Zhou Ying; Lu Xilin] Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
   [Zhang Cuiqiang; Zhou Deyuan] Tongji Univ, Res Inst Struct Engn & Disaster Reduct, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
C3 Tongji University; Tongji University
RP Zhou, Y (corresponding author), Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
EM yingzhou@tongji.edu.cn
TC 7
Z9 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1671-3664
EI 1993-503X
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 4
BP 507
EP 517
DI 10.1007/s11803-011-0085-x
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000298617300005
ER

PT J
AU Xu, Y
   Duan, XZ
   Li, JZ
AF Xu, Yan
   Duan, Xinzhi
   Li, Jianzhong
TI Seismic design strategy of cable stayed bridges subjected to strong
   ground motions
SO STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS
DT Article
DE seismic design; cable stayed bridge; strong ground motion; concrete
   pylon; nonlinear seismic behavior
ID NEAR-FAULT; DAMPERS
AB In this paper, we present an alternative seismic design strategy for cable stayed bridges with concrete pylons when subjected to strong ground motions. The comparison of conventional seismic design using supplemental dampers (strategy A) and the new strategy using nonlinear seismic design of pylon columns (strategy B) is exemplified by one typical medium span cable stayed bridge subjected to strong ground motions from 1999 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake and 2008 China Wenchuan earthquake. We first conducted the optimization of damper parameters according to strategy A in response to the distinct features that strong ground motions contain. And then we adopted strategy B to carry out seismic analysis by introducing the elastic-plastic elements that allowing plasticity development in the pylon columns. The numerical results show that via strategy A, the earthquake induced structural responses can be kept in the desired range provided with the proper damping parameters, however, the extra cost of unusual dampers will be inevitable. For strategy B, the pylon columns may not remain elastic and certain plasticity developed, but the seismic responses of the foundation will be greatly decreased, meanwhile, the displacement at the top of pylon seems to be not affected much by the yielding of pylon columns, which indicates the pylon nonlinear design can be an alternative design strategy when strong ground motions have to be considered for the bridge.
C1 [Xu, Yan; Li, Jianzhong] Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
   [Duan, Xinzhi] Shanghai Municipal Engn Design & Res Inst, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
C3 Tongji University
RP Xu, Y (corresponding author), Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
EM yanxu@tongji.edu.cn; xinzhiduan0@163.com; lijianzh@tongji.edu.cn
TC 12
Z9 14
PU TECHNO-PRESS
PI DAEJEON
PA PO BOX 33, YUSEONG, DAEJEON 305-600, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1225-4568
EI 1598-6217
PD SEP 25
PY 2014
VL 51
IS 6
BP 909
EP 922
DI 10.12989/sem.2014.51.6.909
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000344986600002
ER

PT J
AU Zhang, JW
   Mei, ZR
   Quan, XJ
AF Zhang, Junwei
   Mei, Zhirong
   Quan, Xiaojuan
TI Failure Characteristics and Influencing factors of highway tunnels
   damage due to the Earthquake
SO DISASTER ADVANCES
DT Article
DE Highway tunnel; Earthquake; Sidewall; Lining cracks; Underground
   structures
AB Wen-chuan earthquake is the most destructive and the largest spreading region one in China since 1949. The heavy disaster area has exceeded 10,000 square kilometers. Earthquake intensity of the Ms 8.0 Wen-chuan earthquake exceeded the Ms 7.8 Tang-shan earthquake in 1976. The 18 tunnels damaged by Wen-chuan earthquake were investigated to study the causes of these damages for supplying seismic design of the tunnel. Tunnels have long been considered to have the ability to resist earthquakes with little damage. However, investigations of highway tunnels after Wenchuan Earthquake in Sichuan revealed that many highway tunnels suffered different extents of significant damage. This paper mainly discusses failure characteristics and influencing factors of highway tunnels damage due to the Chinese Wenchuan Earthquake. It was found that 17 of the 18 tunnels investigated were damaged. According to records of geological conditions, design documents, construction methods and maintenances on highway tunnels in Dujiangyan-Wenchuan highway, the damage patterns are summarized based on the characteristics and the distribution of the lining cracks. The results indicate that the damage degree of tunnels is closely relevant to fault zones, Epicenter and Seismic propagate, Geology condition, Depth and Structure of tunnel and Seismic capacity of the tunnel.
C1 [Zhang, Junwei] Southwest Petr Univ, Sch Civil Engn & Architecture, Chengdu 610500, Peoples R China.
   [Mei, Zhirong] China Railway Southwest Res Inst, Key Lab Struct Engn Univ Sichuan, Chengdu 610031, Peoples R China.
   [Quan, Xiaojuan] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chengdu 60031, Peoples R China.
C3 Southwest Petroleum University; Southwest Jiaotong University
RP Zhang, JW (corresponding author), Southwest Petr Univ, Sch Civil Engn & Architecture, Chengdu 610500, Peoples R China.
EM zhanggjunwei@gmail.com
TC 6
Z9 6
PU DISASTER ADVANCES
PI INDORE
PA SECTOR AG-80, SCHEME NO 54, VIJAY NAGAR, A B RD, INDORE, 452010, INDIA
SN 0974-262X
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 6
SI 2
BP 142
EP 150
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
UT WOS:000319630500019
ER

PT J
AU Zhou, RJ
   Li, Y
   Densmore, AL
   Lai, M
   Zhang, Y
   Yu, H
   Long, CH
   Wang, SY
   Kang, CC
   Liang, MJ
AF Zhou Rongjun
   Li Yong
   Densmore, Alexander L.
   Lai Min
   Zhang Yi
   Yu Hua
   Long Chenghou
   Wang Shiyuan
   Kang Chuanchuan
   Liang Mingjian
TI THE STRONG MOTION RECORDS OF THE Ms 8.0 WENCHUAN
   EARTHQUAKE BY THE DIGITAL STRONG EARTHQUAKE NETWORK IN SICHUAN AND THE
   NEIGHBORING REGION
SO JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI
DT Article
ID DEFORMATION; RUPTURE
AB The M-s 8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake of May 12, 2008 resulted in oblique dextral-thrust motion in the Longmen Shan tectonic belt resulted. During this earthquake event, 133 sets of three-component acceleration records were collected by the digital earthquake network in Sichuan Province. By using these records and some strong motion records from the networks in Shanxi and Gansu provinces, contours of peak ground acceleration were determined. These contours are elliptically shaped with the major axis oriented in a northeast direction. The peak acceleration decayed more gradually toward the northeast, parallel to the rupture propagation than toward the southwest, indicating a directivity effect. The peak acceleration also decayed more gradually toward the northwest, on the hanging wall, than toward the southeast on the footwall. A relatively high rate of attenuation in the peak acceleration was also evident on the Yingxiu-Beichuan section of the fault; this can be attributed to the seismic source fracture pattern and rupture progress. The measured peak vertical and horizontal ground acceleration components were far larger than the design values prescribed by the Code for Seismic Design of Buildings (GB50011-2001). As distance from the rupture increased, the acceleration response spectrum gradually became dominated by long-period motions. A large velocity pulse was also measured at a distance of about 80-100 km from the fault.
C1 [Zhou Rongjun; Lai Min; Yu Hua; Long Chenghou; Wang Shiyuan; Kang Chuanchuan; Liang Mingjian] Seismol Bur, Inst Earthquake Engn, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Provinc, Peoples R China.
   [Li Yong; Zhang Yi] Chengdu Univ Technol, State Key Lab Oil & Gas Reservoir Geol & Exploita, Chengdu 610059, Peoples R China.
   [Densmore, Alexander L.] Univ Durham, Inst Hazard Risk & Resilience, Durham, England.
   [Densmore, Alexander L.] Univ Durham, Dept Geog, Durham, England.
C3 Chengdu University of Technology; Durham University; Durham University
RP Zhou, RJ (corresponding author), Seismol Bur, Inst Earthquake Engn, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Provinc, Peoples R China.
TC 2
Z9 3
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 1793-4311
EI 1793-7116
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 4
SI SI
BP 343
EP 361
DI 10.1142/S1793431111001133
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering
UT WOS:000297520400003
ER

PT J
AU Yang, T
   Rao, YK
   Chen, HL
   Yang, B
   Hou, JR
   Zhou, ZH
   Ding, HJ
AF Yang, Tao
   Rao, Yunkang
   Chen, Huailin
   Yang, Bing
   Hou, Jiangrong
   Zhou, Zihong
   Ding, Haojiang
TI Failure Characteristics and Mechanism of Multiface Slopes under
   Earthquake Load Based on PFC Method
SO SHOCK AND VIBRATION
DT Article
ID WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; DYNAMIC-RESPONSE; LANDSLIDES; MODELS
AB Understanding the failure mechanism and failure modes of multiface slopes in the Wenchuan earthquake can provide a scientific guideline for the slope seismic design. In this paper, the two-dimensional particle flow code (PFC2D) and shaking table tests are used to study the failure mechanism of multiface slopes. The results show that the failure modes of slopes with different moisture content are different under seismic loads. The failure modes of slopes with the moisture content of 5%, 8%, and 12% are shattering-shallow slip, tension-shear slip, and shattering-collapse slip, respectively. The failure mechanism of slopes with different water content is different. In the initial stage of vibration, the slope with 5% moisture content produces tensile cracks on the upper surface of the slope; local shear slip occurs at the foot of the slope and develops rapidly; however, a tensile failure finally occurs. In the slope with 8% moisture content, local shear cracks first develop and then are connected into the slip plane, leading to the formation of the unstable slope. A fracture network first forms in the slope with 12% moisture content under the shear action; uneven dislocation then occurs in the slope during vibration; the whole instability failure finally occurs. In the case of low moisture content, the tensile crack plays a leading role in the failure of the slope. But the influence of shear failure becomes greater with the increase of the moisture content.
C1 [Yang, Tao; Rao, Yunkang; Chen, Huailin; Yang, Bing; Hou, Jiangrong; Zhou, Zihong] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chengdu 610031, Peoples R China.
   [Ding, Haojiang] China Railway Eryuan Engn Grp Co Ltd, Chengdu 610031, Peoples R China.
C3 Southwest Jiaotong University
RP Yang, B (corresponding author), Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chengdu 610031, Peoples R China.
EM yangb@home.swjtu.edu.cn
TC 1
Z9 2
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1070-9622
EI 1875-9203
PD AUG 19
PY 2021
VL 2021
AR 9329734
DI 10.1155/2021/9329734
SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics
UT WOS:000691178900003
ER

PT J
AU Xiang, NL
   Li, JZ
AF Xiang, Nailiang
   Li, Jianzhong
TI Seismic Performance of Highway Bridges with Different Transverse
   Unseating-Prevention Devices
SO JOURNAL OF BRIDGE ENGINEERING
DT Article
DE Small-to-medium-span highway bridges; Wenchuan earthquake;
   Laminated-rubber bearings; Fusing system; Transverse
   unseating-prevention devices; Seismic performance
ID SHEAR KEYS; 2008 WENCHUAN; DAMAGE; BEHAVIOR
AB Typical small-to-medium-span highway bridges in China are often installed with economical laminated-rubber bearings that allow for thermal movement of girders and concrete shear keys that restrain transverse girder displacement. However, the damage investigation after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake had shown that sliding between the girder and the laminated-rubber bearings was a common phenomenon that caused excessive girder displacement and damage to shear keys, expansion joints, and abutments. The bearing sliding can actually act as isolation for the piers, which suffered from a small amount of damage during the earthquake. Therefore, a new seismic design strategy for typical girder bridges has been proposed in which the bearing sliding acts as a fusing mechanism to mitigate the seismic demands of piers, and unseating-prevention devices are used to control the bearing displacement. This paper investigates the seismic performance of three transverse unseating-prevention devices (concrete shear keys, yielding steel dampers, and friction dampers) for a typical simply supported girder bridge. The results show that if the unseating-prevention devices are properly designed, the seismic demands of piers can be effectively reduced, and the bearing displacement can also be controlled to satisfy the performance objectives. Yielding steel dampers and friction dampers are suggested to be used in place of concrete shear keys to improve the bridge seismic performance.
C1 [Xiang, Nailiang; Li, Jianzhong] Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
C3 Tongji University
RP Li, JZ (corresponding author), Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
EM 1210247@tongji.edu.cn; lijianzh@tongji.edu.cn
TC 77
Z9 86
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1084-0702
EI 1943-5592
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 21
IS 9
AR 04016045
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000909
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000383158400007
ER

PT J
AU Lin, DR
   Jiang, ZM
   Qu, HL
AF Lin, Derong
   Jiang, Zuoming
   Qu, Hailin
TI Asymmetric Effects of Quality of Life on Residents' Satisfaction:
   Exploring a Newborn Natural Disaster Tourism Destination
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
DT Article
DE attributes of quality of life; residents' satisfaction; asymmetric
   effect; newborn natural disaster destination; Three-Factor Theory
ID HOUSING RECONSTRUCTION; WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; IMPACT; PERFORMANCE;
   COMMUNITY; PERCEPTIONS; ATTRIBUTES; FRAMEWORK; ATTITUDES; RECOVERY
AB Developing disaster tourism has become an important means of post-disaster recovery, but the relationship between attributes of quality of life (QOL) and residents' satisfaction toward newborn natural disaster destination (NNDD) development has not been explored. This study examines the asymmetric effects of QOL on residents' satisfaction using the dummy variable regression approach based on the Three-Factor Theory. A mixed-method approach was used to develop QOL scale, and a questionnaire was developed to survey 379 residents from China's Wenchuan. This study identifies the types (positive asymmetric, symmetric, and insignificant effect) of seven QOL attributes that influence residents' satisfaction. This study provides a valuable supplement to the literature on residents' QOL by focusing on the NNDD context, and is a pioneering attempt to apply the Three-Factor Theory from the perspective of local residents. Practically, some implications for policy optimization are proposed to help NNDD development.</p>
C1 [Lin, Derong; Jiang, Zuoming; Qu, Hailin] Xiamen Univ, Sch Management, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.
   [Qu, Hailin] Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Hospitality & Tourism Management, Spears Sch Business, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
C3 Xiamen University; Oklahoma State University System; Oklahoma State
   University - Stillwater
RP Jiang, ZM (corresponding author), Xiamen Univ, Sch Management, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.
EM drlin65@xmu.edu.cn; jiang21@stu.xmu.edu.cn; h.qu@okstate.edu
TC 4
Z9 4
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
PA MDPI AG, Grosspeteranlage 5, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
EI 1660-4601
PD NOV
PY 2021
VL 18
IS 21
AR 11577
DI 10.3390/ijerph182111577
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health
UT WOS:000718488400001
ER

PT J
AU Lu, XL
   Xu, LQ
   Wei, K
   Xu, LH
AF Lu, Xiaoluo
   Xu, Lueqin
   Wei, Kai
   Xu, Lihan
TI Transverse seismic damage mode identification of deteriorating
   simply-supported highway bridges
SO STRUCTURES
DT Article
DE Simply-supported highway bridges; Life cycle; Deterioration; Seismic
   damage mode; Damage states
ID LIMIT STATES; WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; RESIDUAL CAPACITY; FAILURE;
   CORROSION; MECHANISM; PIERS
AB The sliding of laminated rubber bearings (LRBs) and failure of shear keys observed in the Wenchuan earthquake significantly increase the span collapse risk of simply-supported highway bridges and contradict the ductile design philosophy recommended by the current design code in China. In the meantime, the seismic damage mode of bridges may also change with increasing service time due to environmental corrosion sustained by the ductile element of pier. It is well accepted that the change of bridge damage mode will cause the ineffectiveness of original seismic design. In order to identify transverse seismic damage modes of deteriorating simply-supported bridges, a five-span bridge is selected as the baseline bridge and a series of time-dependent models considering the chloride intrusion are developed. A methodology for identifying the seismic damage mode of the bridge system is proposed. Incremental dynamic analyses (IDAs) are performed to study the effects of service time and shear key capacity on seismic damage modes of the baseline bridge. To validate the results obtained from the baseline bridge, comparisons of the lifetime damage modes for several typical bridge configurations are conducted through the proposed methodology. The results indicate that with the increase of the service time of bridge, the displacement response of LRBs decreases slightly while the displacement ductility response of piers increases significantly under earthquakes, and the seismic damage mode of the bridge shows a trend of changing from displacement-oriented to strength-oriented or combined damage modes. On the other hand, the increase of shear key capacity can effectively prevent excessive girder movement but intensifies the damage level of piers under earthquakes, which is in accordance with the expectations of the ductile design philosophy. In conclusion, the combined effects of environmental corrosion and shear key capacity can significantly change the seismic damage modes of bridges along the transverse direction and thus should be considered carefully during the seismic design.
C1 [Lu, Xiaoluo; Wei, Kai] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chengdu 610031, Peoples R China.
   [Lu, Xiaoluo; Xu, Lueqin; Xu, Lihan] Chongqing Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chongqing 400074, Peoples R China.
C3 Southwest Jiaotong University; Chongqing Jiaotong University
RP Xu, LQ (corresponding author), Chongqing Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chongqing 400074, Peoples R China.
EM xulueqin@163.com
TC 7
Z9 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA STE 800, 230 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10169 USA
SN 2352-0124
PD APR
PY 2022
VL 38
BP 1529
EP 1541
DI 10.1016/j.istruc.2022.03.009
EA MAR 2022
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000789741500001
ER

PT J
AU Wang, LM
   Wu, ZJ
   Xia, K
AF Wang, Lan-min
   Wu, Zhi-jian
   Xia, Kun
TI Effects of site conditions on earthquake ground motion and their
   applications in seismic design in loess region
SO JOURNAL OF MOUNTAIN SCIENCE
DT Article
DE Loessial site; Field investigation; Ground motion observation; Micro
   tremor observation; Loess topography; Loess thickness; Site effects;
   Seismic design
AB The Loess Plateau is an earthquake prone region of China, where the effects of loess deposit on ground motion were discovered during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (Ms8.0) and the 2013 Minxian-Zhangxian earthquake (Ms6.6). The field investigations, observations, and analyses indicated that large number of casualties and tremendous economic losses were caused not only by collapse and damage of houses with poor seismic performance, landslides, but also amplification effects of site conditions, topography and thickness of loess deposit, on ground motion. In this paper, we chose Dazhai Village and Majiagou Village as the typical loess site affected by the two earthquakes for intensity evaluation, borehole exploration, temporary strong motion array, micro tremor survey, and numerical analysis. The aim is to explore the relations between amplification factors and site conditions in terms of topography and thickness of loess deposit. We also developed site amplification factors of ground motion for engineering design consideration at loess sites. The results showed that the amplification effects are more predominant with increase in thickness of loess deposit and slope height. The amplification may increase seismic intensity by 1 degree, PGA and predominant period by 2 times, respectively.
C1 [Wang, Lan-min; Wu, Zhi-jian; Xia, Kun] China Earthquake Adm, Lanzhou Inst Seismol, Key Lab Loess Earthquake Engn, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.
   [Wu, Zhi-jian] Geotech Disaster Prevent Engn Technol Res Ctr Gan, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.
C3 China Earthquake Administration
RP Wu, ZJ (corresponding author), China Earthquake Adm, Lanzhou Inst Seismol, Key Lab Loess Earthquake Engn, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.; Wu, ZJ (corresponding author), Geotech Disaster Prevent Engn Technol Res Ctr Gan, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.
EM wanglm@gssb.gov.cn; zhijianlz@163.com; xiakunxiakun@163.com
TC 37
Z9 44
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1672-6316
EI 1993-0321
PD JUN
PY 2017
VL 14
IS 6
BP 1185
EP 1193
DI 10.1007/s11629-016-3921-7
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
UT WOS:000403677100014
ER

PT J
AU Sze, EHY
   Leung, EHY
   Koo, RCH
   So, MML
   Pappin, JW
AF Sze, Eric H. Y.
   Leung, Erin H. Y.
   Koo, Raymond C. H.
   So, Minly M. L.
   Pappin, Jack W.
TI Geotechnical advances in development of a seismic code for Hong Kong
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS-GEOTECHNICAL
   ENGINEERING
DT Article
DE codes of practice & standards; geotechnical engineering; seismic
   engineering
ID EARTHQUAKE GROUND-MOTION; 2008 WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; HAZARD; DESIGN; DAMS
AB Hong Kong is located in a low-to moderate-seismicity region with earthquake damage to buildings having been recorded in the past. On average, there are about two earth tremors felt every year. Nowadays, the city is a unique place in the world with a high-density population living in high-rise buildings and surrounded by steeply sloping terrain. The potential risk of earthquake-induced damage thus calls for the development of a seismic design code for buildings in Hong Kong. In recent years, several critical geotechnical studies have been completed focusing on enhancing earthquake resilience in Hong Kong. They have included: (a) updating of probabilistic seismic hazard assessment based on a recent earthquake catalogue; (b) examination of local site effects and topographic amplification effects based on a pilot-area-specific seismic microzonation study; (c) reviewing the earthquake-induced landslide susceptibility of the natural terrain; and (d) assessment of the seismic stability of man-made slopes and retaining walls. These seismic studies are pivotal to the development of the seismic design code which is being pursued in Hong Kong. This paper is an important milestone in providing a detailed account of these studies and their impact on the code development.
C1 [Sze, Eric H. Y.; Koo, Raymond C. H.] Hong Kong SAR Govt, Civil Engn & Dev Dept, Geotech Engn Off, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Leung, Erin H. Y.; So, Minly M. L.] Arup, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Pappin, Jack W.] Arup, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
RP Sze, EHY (corresponding author), Hong Kong SAR Govt, Civil Engn & Dev Dept, Geotech Engn Off, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM erichysze@cedd.gov.hk
TC 1
Z9 1
PU ICE PUBLISHING
PI WESTMINISTER
PA INST CIVIL ENGINEERS, 1 GREAT GEORGE ST, WESTMINISTER SW 1P 3AA, ENGLAND
SN 1353-2618
PD FEB
PY 2019
VL 172
IS 1
BP 87
EP 108
AR UNSP 1700218
DI 10.1680/jgeen.17.00218
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000455673000009
ER

PT J
AU Qu, HL
   Li, RF
   Zhang, JJ
   Hu, HG
   Zhang, DY
AF Qu, Honglue
   Li, Ruifeng
   Zhang, Jianjing
   Hu, Huanguo
   Zhang, Deyi
TI A NOVEL APPROACH FOR SEISMIC DESIGN OF ANCHORED SHEET PILE WALL
SO TEHNICKI VJESNIK-TECHNICAL GAZETTE
DT Article
DE anchored sheet pile wall; dynamic coupling effect; large-scale shaking
   table test; pile-soil-anchor; seismic design
ID STABILITY; LOAD
AB From investigations of damaged earth structures after earthquakes, anchored sheet pile wall has proved to be an excellent seismic structure. However, due to the complexity of the stress system, some fundamental theoretical issues have not been completely solved, so the theoretical development of the structure lags behind application, especially in the development of seismic design theory. In order to make up for this deficiency, a new simplified approach was proposed in this paper, based on previous research. In this approach, the dynamic coupling effect of the pile-soil-anchor was considered, and governing equations were established. In addition, to verify the applicability of the proposed approach, large-scale shaking table tests were performed. In the tests, similitude ratios and similar materials were appropriately applied, and horizontal and vertical acceleration time histories recorded at the Wolong station in the Wenchuan earthquake, China, were used to excite the model. Many time history curves, including dynamic and total earth pressures acting on the stabilizing pile, the cable tensions and the displacements of the wall were obtained. By comparison of the earth pressures and cable tensions between the calculations and tests, the correlation coefficient is 0,943 and 0,890 for earth pressures and cable tensions, respectively. It illustrates that the correlation coefficient between tested values and theoretical results using the proposed theoretical calculation approach is high and close to 1,0, and it is proved that the proposed approach is suitable for practical application.
C1 [Qu, Honglue] Southwest Petr Univ, Sch Geosci & Technol Engn, Dept Geotech & Underground Engn, 8 Xindu Ave, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
   [Li, Ruifeng; Hu, Huanguo] Southwest Petr Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Room A408,8 Xindu Ave, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
   [Zhang, Jianjing] Southwest Petr Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Dept Geotech Engn, 111 North 1 Sect Second Ring Rd, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
   [Zhang, Deyi] AMEC Nucl Safety Solut NSS Ltd, 700 Univ Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X6, Canada.
C3 Southwest Petroleum University; Southwest Petroleum University;
   Southwest Petroleum University
RP Qu, HL (corresponding author), Southwest Petr Univ, Sch Geosci & Technol Engn, Dept Geotech & Underground Engn, 8 Xindu Ave, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
EM swpugeoqhl@126.com; 972505312@qq.com; jianzhang1102@126.com;
   1248655462@qq.com; zhangdyhit@gmail.com
TC 13
Z9 15
PU UNIV OSIJEK, TECH FAC
PI SLAVONSKI BROD
PA TRG IVANE BRLIC-MAZURANIC 2, SLAVONSKI BROD, HR-35000, CROATIA
SN 1330-3651
EI 1848-6339
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 23
IS 2
BP 455
EP 463
DI 10.17559/TV-20151106090533
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000380230400018
ER

PT J
AU Li, QL
   Li, PJ
   Cui, K
   Ji, YZ
   Zhang, DJ
   Qing, YL
AF Li, Qionglin
   Li, Pangju
   Cui, Kai
   Ji, Yanzhi
   Zhang, Dongjie
   Qing, Yulan
TI Seismic fragility curves for concrete gravity retaining wall
SO SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
DT Article
DE Seismic fragility curve; Concrete gravity retaining wall; Backfill slope
   angle; Intensity measure; Incremental dynamic analysis
ID INTENSITY MEASURES; MODEL
AB Seismic fragility analysis plays a crucial role in performance-based seismic design (PBSD). The seismic fragility analyses for the concrete gravity retaining walls were performed in this study. Numerical models were developed for two concrete gravity retaining walls using OpenSees, considering two different backfill slope angles (0 degrees and 12 degrees). According to the probabilistic seismic demand models and comprehensive evaluation of intensity measures (IMs), the most suitable IM for concrete gravity retaining walls was determined. An approach for quantifying the limit state performance of concrete gravity retaining walls based on IDA was also proposed, and its reliability was verified based on observed damage during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. Seismic fragility curves for concrete gravity retaining walls were established under two backfill slope angles using three IMs. It is demonstrated to what extent a backfill slope angle can influence the damage probability under a specific seismic intensity level.
C1 [Li, Qionglin; Li, Pangju; Cui, Kai; Ji, Yanzhi; Zhang, Dongjie; Qing, Yulan] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, MOE Key Lab High Speed Railway Engn, Chengdu 610031, Peoples R China.
   [Li, Qionglin; Li, Pangju; Cui, Kai; Ji, Yanzhi; Zhang, Dongjie; Qing, Yulan] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chengdu 610031, Peoples R China.
C3 Southwest Jiaotong University; Southwest Jiaotong University
RP Cui, K (corresponding author), Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chengdu 610031, Peoples R China.
EM cuikai@swjtu.cn
TC 4
Z9 5
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0267-7261
EI 1879-341X
PD AUG
PY 2024
VL 183
AR 108806
DI 10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.108806
EA JUN 2024
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:001261964600001
ER

PT J
AU Wang, ZZ
   Jiang, YJ
   Zhu, CA
   Sun, TC
AF Wang, Z. Z.
   Jiang, Y. -J.
   Zhu, C. A.
   Sun, T. C.
TI Shaking table tests of tunnel linings in progressive states of damage
SO TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
DT Article
DE Tunnel lining; Shaking table test; Damage identification; Crack
ID MOUNTAIN TUNNELS; SEISMIC DESIGN
AB Tunnels have long been assumed to be able to withstand earthquakes and suffer little damage. However, investigations of tunnels after the Wenchuan earthquake in China revealed that over 30 tunnel linings were cracked. Different types of cracks were found in almost all the tunnel linings. In this study, a series of shaking table tests were conducted on scaled tunnel models under seismic excitations with increasing intensities. White noise sweep tests were interlaced with the seismic excitations to identify the damage in the tunnel linings. The accelerations and strains of the tunnel lining were measured. The test results are discussed based on the dominant frequencies, amplification factor, and lining strains. Furthermore, this paper presents the results of damage identification for various states of damage using the white noise sweep method. The dominant frequencies decreased with an increase of the input peak ground acceleration (PGA), which also reflected the damage of the tunnel lining. The dominant frequencies decreased by approximately 32% for an input PGA intensity of approximately 0.6 g, but the first cracks could still be visually detected. The cracks gradually propagate with the PGA increasing from 0.6 to 0.8 g. The effect of lining damage on the seismic performance of tunnel linings should be considered in the seismic design of tunnels. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Z. Z.] Dalian Univ Technol, Sch Civil Engn, Dalian, Peoples R China.
   [Jiang, Y. -J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Mt Hazards & Environm, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
   [Zhu, C. A.] Sichuan Prov Transportat Dept, Design & Res Inst, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
   [Sun, T. C.] Shijiazhuang Tiedao Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Shijiazhuang, Peoples R China.
C3 Dalian University of Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute
   of Mountain Hazards & Environment, CAS; Shijiazhuang Tiedao University
RP Jiang, YJ (corresponding author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Mt Hazards & Environm, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
EM yuanjun.jiang.civil@gmail.com
TC 69
Z9 75
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0886-7798
EI 1878-4364
PD AUG
PY 2015
VL 50
BP 109
EP 117
DI 10.1016/j.tust.2015.07.004
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
UT WOS:000365366200011
ER

PT J
AU Weng, DG
   Zhang, C
   Lu, XL
   Zeng, S
   Zhang, SM
AF Weng, D. G.
   Zhang, C.
   Lu, X. L.
   Zeng, S.
   Zhang, S. M.
TI A simplified design procedure for seismic retrofit of earthquake-damaged
   RC frames with viscous dampers
SO STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS
DT Article
DE simplified seismic design procedure; viscous damper; RC frame; energy
   dissipation; equivalent damping ratio
AB The passive energy dissipation technology has been proven to be reliable and robust for recent practical applications. Various dampers or energy dissipation devices have been widely used in building structures for enhancing their performances during earthquakes, windstorm and other severe loading scenarios. This paper presents a simplified seismic design procedure for retrofitting earthquake-damaged frames with viscous dampers. With the scheme of designing the main frame and the supplemental viscous dampers respectively, the seismic analysis model of damped structure with viscous dampers and braces was studied. The specific analysis process was described and approach to parameter design of energy dissipation components was also proposed. The expected damping forces for damped frame were first obtained based on storey shear forces; and then they were optimized to meet different storey drift requirements. A retrofit project of a RC frame school building damaged in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake was introduced as a case study. This building was retrofitted by using viscous dampers designed through the simplified design procedure proposed in this paper. Based on the case study, it is concluded that this simplified design procedure can be effectively used to make seismic retrofit design of earthquake-damaged RC frames with viscous dampers, so as to achieve structural performance objectives under different earthquake risk levels.
C1 [Weng, D. G.; Zhang, C.; Lu, X. L.; Zeng, S.; Zhang, S. M.] Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
C3 Tongji University
RP Weng, DG (corresponding author), Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
EM wdg@tongji.edu.cn; 2009_zhangchao@tongji.edu.cn; lxlst@tongji.edu.cn;
   zeng_s@tjshy.com.cn; WORLDSM@126.com
TC 28
Z9 34
PU TECHNO-PRESS
PI DAEJEON
PA PO BOX 33, YUSEONG, DAEJEON 305-600, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1225-4568
EI 1598-6217
PD DEC 10
PY 2012
VL 44
IS 5
BP 611
EP 631
DI 10.12989/sem.2012.44.5.611
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000312422500004
ER

PT J
AU Xu, X
   Huang, Y
   Yashima, A
   Du, XL
AF Xu, Xi
   Huang, Yu
   Yashima, Atsushi
   Du, Xiuli
TI Failure evolution process of pile-anchor reinforced rock slope based on
   centrifuge shaking table tests
SO ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
DT Article
DE Pile-anchor structure; Centrifuge shaking table test; Rock slope;
   Failure evolution process; Seismic design
ID 2008 WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; SEISMIC RESPONSE; MECHANISM; MODEL
AB The frequency of earthquake-triggered landslides has increased in recent years, thus urgently necessitating the development of prevention and control strategies to mitigate such geological disasters. Pile-anchor structures can overcome the problems of the excessive pile body bending moment and limited slope reinforcement range when the slope is separately reinforced by a single pile and anchor. In this paper, a refined dynamic centrifuge shaking table test was performed on a rock slope reinforced by a pile-anchor structure based on the non-linear charac-teristics of the rock-soil structure and the mechanical parameters. The elevation amplification effect of the peak ground acceleration is analyzed from the perspective of the time history and frequency spectrum, which fully reveal the synergistic mechanism of the pile-anchor reinforcement system. The failure evolution process of an-chor tensile failure and trailing edge cracking occur alongside overall sliding is revealed by assessing the seismic response of the acceleration, displacement, anchor tension, pile bending moment and soil pressure under multi-level seismic loading conditions. The results prove that pile-anchor structures significantly reduce permanent displacement and enhance the stability of slope, and further provide data and theoretical support for slope seismic design using pile-anchor reinforcement, which can effectively protect human safety and property in earthquake-prone areas.
C1 [Xu, Xi; Huang, Yu] Tongji Univ, Coll Civil Engn, Dept Geotech Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
   [Xu, Xi; Du, Xiuli] Beijing Univ Technol, Key Lab Urban Secur & Disaster Engn, Minist Educ, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China.
   [Huang, Yu] Tongji Univ, Key Lab Geotech & Underground Engn, Minist Educ, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
   [Yashima, Atsushi] Gifu Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 5011193, Japan.
C3 Tongji University; Beijing University of Technology; Tongji University;
   Gifu University
RP Huang, Y (corresponding author), Tongji Univ, Coll Civil Engn, Dept Geotech Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
EM yhuang@tongji.edu.cn
TC 26
Z9 27
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0013-7952
EI 1872-6917
PD DEC 20
PY 2022
VL 311
AR 106920
DI 10.1016/j.enggeo.2022.106920
EA NOV 2022
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000886649100003
ER

PT J
AU Li, JW
   Ding, MB
   Feng, HP
   Zhao, H
   Wang, ZM
AF Li, Jiawen
   Ding, Mingbo
   Feng, Huaiping
   Zhao, Hui
   Wang, Zhiman
TI Exploration to novel arrangements of longitudinal reinforcement of
   gravity railway bridge pier by shaking table test
SO STRUCTURES
DT Article
DE Gravity railway pier; Longitudinal reinforcement ratio; Reinforcement
   arrangements; Shaking table test; Seismic performance
ID 2008 WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; SEISMIC PERFORMANCE; DAMAGE; FAULT
AB Gravity pier is widely used in the high-speed railway in China. However, it is vulnerable to earthquakes due to the low longitudinal reinforcement ratio (generally less than 0.5%). This study investigated ratios and arrangement forms of the longitudinal reinforcement of gravity piers. Four scaled specimens were designed and constructed, including two novel longitudinal reinforcement forms, to explore more reasonable arrangements economically and effectively by shaking table test. The test adopted the El-Centro earthquake record to load. The crack patterns, acceleration, and displacement responses of specimens were recorded and analyzed after each loading. The results showed the two novel forms proposed in this study have exhibited excellent seismic behavior than traditional forms. We validated rationalities and economies of the two novel longitudinal reinforcement arrangement forms for gravity piers. These two proposed in the study may provide references for the seismic design of high-speed railway gravity piers.
C1 [Li, Jiawen; Feng, Huaiping; Zhao, Hui; Wang, Zhiman] Shijiazhuang Tiedao Univ, State Key Lab Mech Behav & Syst Safety Traff Engn, Shijiazhuang 050043, Peoples R China.
   [Ding, Mingbo] Lanzhou Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Lanzhou 730070, Peoples R China.
C3 Shijiazhuang Tiedao University; Lanzhou Jiaotong University
RP Ding, MB (corresponding author), Lanzhou Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Lanzhou 730070, Peoples R China.
EM 447897524@qq.com
TC 4
Z9 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA STE 800, 230 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10169 USA
SN 2352-0124
PD JUL
PY 2022
VL 41
BP 1278
EP 1287
DI 10.1016/j.istruc.2022.05.065
EA MAY 2022
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000815007100002
ER

PT J
AU Wang, JA
   Yao, LK
   Hussain, A
AF Wang Jian
   Yao Lingkan
   Hussain, Arshad
TI Analysis of earthquake-triggered failure mechanisms of slopes and
   sliding surfaces
SO JOURNAL OF MOUNTAIN SCIENCE
DT Article
DE Subgrade engineering; slope failure mechanism; shaking table model test;
   seismic sliding surface; Wenchuan earthquake
ID WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; LANDSLIDES
AB Earthquake-induced landslides along the Dujiangyan-Yingxiu highway after the Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 were investigated. It was found that: (1) slopes were shattered and damaged during the earthquake and open tension cracks formed on the tops of the slopes; (2) the upper parts of slopes collapsed and slid, while the lower parts remained basically intact, indicating that the upper parts of slopes would be damaged more heavily than the lower parts during an earthquake.
   Large-scale shaking table model tests were conducted to study failure behavior of slopes under the Wenchuan seismic wave, which reproduced the process of deformation and failure of slopes. Tension cracks emerged at the top and upper part of model, while the bottom of the model remained intact, consistent with field investigations. Depth of the tension crack at the top of model is 32 cm, i.e., 3.2 m compared to the prototype natural slope with a height of 14 m when the length scale ratio (proto/model) is 10. Acceleration at the top of the slope was almost twice as large as that at the toe when the measured accelerations on shaking table are 4.85 m/s(2) and 6.49 m/s(2), which means that seismic force at the top of the slope is twice the magnitude of that at the toe.
   By use of the dynamic-strength-reduction method, numerical simulation was conducted to explore the process and mechanism of formation of the sliding surface, with other quantified information. The earthquake-induced failure surfaces commonly consist of tension cracks and shear zones. Within 5 m from the top of the slope, the dynamic sliding surface will be about 1 m shallower than the pseudo-static sliding surface in a horizontal direction when the peak ground acceleration (PGA) is 1 m/s(2); the dynamic sliding surface will be about 2 m deeper than the pseudo-static sliding surface in a horizontal direction when the PGA is 10 m/s(2), and the depths of the dynamic sliding surface and the pseudo-static sliding surface will be almost the same when the PGA is 2 m/s(2).
   Based on these findings, it is suggested that the key point of anti-seismic design, as well as for mitigation of post-earthquake, secondary mountain hazards, is to prevent tension cracks from forming in the upper part of the slope. Therefore, the depth of tension cracks in slope surfaces is the key to reinforcement of slopes. The depth of the sliding surface from the pseudo-static method can be a reference for slope reinforcement mitigation.
C1 [Wang Jian; Yao Lingkan] SW Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chengdu 610031, Peoples R China.
   [Yao Lingkan] SW Jiaotong Univ, MOE Key Lab High Speed Railway Engn, Chengdu 610031, Peoples R China.
   [Yao Lingkan] Rd & Railway Engn Res Inst, Sichuan Key Lab Aseism Engn & Technol, Chengdu 610031, Peoples R China.
   [Hussain, Arshad] NUST, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
C3 Southwest Jiaotong University; Southwest Jiaotong University; National
   University of Sciences & Technology - Pakistan
RP Wang, JA (corresponding author), SW Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chengdu 610031, Peoples R China.
EM crest01@qq.com
TC 33
Z9 35
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1672-6316
EI 1993-0321
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 7
IS 3
BP 282
EP 290
DI 10.1007/s11629-010-2020-4
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
UT WOS:000280555900009
ER

PT J
AU Lu, Y
   Li, R
AF Lu, Yi
   Li, Rui
TI Rebuilding resilient homeland: an NGO-led post-Lushan earthquake
   experimental reconstruction program
SO NATURAL HAZARDS
DT Article
DE Resilient homeland; NGO; Social experiment; Post-disaster
   reconstruction; Lushan earthquake
ID POSTDISASTER HOUSING RECONSTRUCTION; COMMUNITY RESILIENCE; DISASTER
   RESILIENCE; CIVIL-SOCIETY; WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; BUILD BACK; RECOVERY;
   MANAGEMENT; GOVERNMENT; STATE
AB There have been many practical programs suggested for building resilient cities and communities, many of which have been driven by governments to focus on disaster prevention rather than focusing on the needs of the affected population. The rebuilding resilient homeland (RRH) program discussed in this paper was a post-Lushan earthquake reconstruction, NGO-led, people-oriented experimental program. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to determine the methods used by the NGOs to lead the reconstruction program for "building back better" and identify the role that NGOs can play in state-civil society relations. Harnessing information gathered from fieldwork, interviews, and document reviews, this paper offers an in-depth case study of the RRH program, with a specific focus on the "resilience" associated with infrastructure, capability, mechanisms, and culture, and the "homeland" associated with safe homes, safe communities, safe schools, and a safe future. The program review revealed useful references for the future development of resilient cities and communities, with people-oriented strategies, community involvement and multi-stakeholder collaborations being the three most salient features. This experimental program also revealed that NGOs and governments could use the institutional opportunities arising from disasters to develop cooperative programs to "build back better" and further facilitate state-civil society relations.
C1 [Lu, Yi] Sichuan Univ, Inst Emergency Management & Reconstruct Postdisas, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
   [Lu, Yi; Li, Rui] Sichuan Univ, Business Sch, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
C3 Sichuan University; Sichuan University
RP Lu, Y (corresponding author), Sichuan Univ, Inst Emergency Management & Reconstruct Postdisas, Chengdu, Peoples R China.; Lu, Y (corresponding author), Sichuan Univ, Business Sch, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
EM luyiscu@scu.edu.cn
TC 12
Z9 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA ONE NEW YORK PLAZA, SUITE 4600, NEW YORK, NY, UNITED STATES
SN 0921-030X
EI 1573-0840
PD OCT
PY 2020
VL 104
IS 1
BP 853
EP 882
DI 10.1007/s11069-020-04194-3
EA JUL 2020
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
UT WOS:000553274300002
ER

PT J
AU Li, SQ
AF Li, Si-Qi.
TI Comparison of RC girder bridge and building vulnerability considering
   empirical seismic damage
SO AIN SHAMS ENGINEERING JOURNAL
DT Article
DE Reinforced concrete girder bridge; Reinforced concrete building;
   Empirical seismic vulnerability; Vulnerability comparison; Mean damage
   index matrix model
ID PROBABILITY MATRICES; FRAGILITY ASSESSMENT; HIGHWAY BRIDGES; MODEL
AB To explore the vulnerability of a reinforced concrete girder bridge and reinforced concrete building during an earthquake, and to compare the difference in the seismic capacity of the two types of engineering structures, the nonlinear vulnerability numerical and probabilistic model analysis methods were combined. Overall, 1069 reinforced concrete girder bridges and 949 reinforced concrete buildings damaged in the Wenchuan earthquake of May 12, 2008 were selected for vulnerability analysis. The vulnerability grades of damaged samples were evaluated according to the Chinese seismic intensity scale (CSIS-08), and the vulnerability matrix of reinforced concrete girder bridges and reinforced concrete buildings in multiple intensity regions was established. Moreover, the novel vulnerability comparison curve model was developed by considering the failure ratio and exceeding probability. The anomaly characteristics of seismic damage vulnerability between reinforced concrete girder bridges and reinforced concrete buildings under the influence of age, seismic design, the coupling of age and seismic design, and foundation type factors were compared and analysed. By employing the matrix calculation model of the mean damage index, the matrix and curve comparison model of the mean damage index vulnerability parameters of reinforced concrete girder bridges and reinforced concrete buildings in multiple intensity zones were developed. (c) 2023 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier BV on behalf of Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-ncnd/4.0/).
C1 [Li, Si-Qi.] Heilongjiang Univ, Sch Civil Engn, 74,Xuefu Rd, Harbin, Peoples R China.
   [Li, Si-Qi.] Harbin Inst Technol, Sch Transportat Sci & Engn, Harbin, Peoples R China.
   [Li, Si-Qi.] Longjian Rd & Bridge Co Ltd, 109Songshan Rd, Harbin, Peoples R China.
   [Li, Si-Qi.] 74,Xuefu Rd, Harbin, Peoples R China.
C3 Heilongjiang University; Harbin Institute of Technology
RP Li, SQ (corresponding author), 74,Xuefu Rd, Harbin, Peoples R China.
EM lisiqi@hlju.edu.cn
TC 31
Z9 32
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2090-4479
EI 2090-4495
PD JAN
PY 2024
VL 15
IS 1
AR 102287
DI 10.1016/j.asej.2023.102287
EA DEC 2023
SC Engineering
UT WOS:001132902800001
ER

PT J
AU Yue, KF
   Xu, LQ
   Fan, L
   Liu, J
   Luo, H
AF Yue, Kefeng
   Xu, Lueqin
   Fan, Lei
   Liu, Jie
   Luo, Hao
TI Effect of Shear Keys on the Quasi-Isolated Behavior of
   Small-to-Medium-Span Girder Bridges
SO BUILDINGS
DT Article
DE small-to-medium-span girder bridges; shear key; pushover analysis;
   incremental dynamic analysis (IDA); quasi-isolated behavior
ID SEISMIC PERFORMANCE; HIGHWAY BRIDGES; EARTHQUAKE
AB Small-to-medium-span girder bridges equipped with shear keys play a significant role in the Chinese highway bridge system. However, shear key failure was observed during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, which resulted in excessive superstructure displacements and even catastrophic span collapse. For this, six refined bridges were investigated for the quasi-isolated behaviors under different shear key strengths by using the Pushover and IDA methods. Results indicate that the bridges exhibit two distinct damage states upon the shear key strengths. The shear key failure and bearing sliding create a natural quasi-isolated mechanism, with the following damage sequence: shear key failure & RARR; bearing sliding & RARR; pier undamaged or slight damage. Quasi-isolated behavior leads to higher displacement demands for beams, especially when the peak ground acceleration (PGA) exceeds 0.45 g. By selecting suitable shear key strength, below 9% for 20 m piers and 30% for 10 m piers, quasi-isolated damage is expected to occur in bridges. The study offers a fresh perspective on the concept of seismic design for highway girder bridges in China.
C1 [Yue, Kefeng; Xu, Lueqin; Fan, Lei; Liu, Jie] Chongqing Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chongqing 400074, Peoples R China.
   [Xu, Lueqin] Chongqing Jiaotong Univ, State Key Lab Mt Bridge & Tunnel Engn, Chongqing 400074, Peoples R China.
   [Luo, Hao] Greentown Architecture Design, Chongqing 401121, Peoples R China.
C3 Chongqing Jiaotong University; Chongqing Jiaotong University
RP Xu, LQ (corresponding author), Chongqing Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chongqing 400074, Peoples R China.; Xu, LQ (corresponding author), Chongqing Jiaotong Univ, State Key Lab Mt Bridge & Tunnel Engn, Chongqing 400074, Peoples R China.
EM ykf204732@163.com; xulueqin@163.com; 420705341@163.com;
   630782447@163.com; haoluo000@outlook.com
TC 3
Z9 3
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
PA MDPI AG, Grosspeteranlage 5, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
EI 2075-5309
PD SEP
PY 2023
VL 13
IS 9
AR 2246
DI 10.3390/buildings13092246
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
UT WOS:001073450900001
ER

PT J
AU Guo, T
   Xu, WJ
   Song, LL
   Wei, LW
AF Guo, Tong
   Xu, Weijie
   Song, Lianglong
   Wei, Longwu
TI Seismic-Isolation Retrofits of School Buildings: Practice in China after
   Recent Devastating Earthquakes
SO JOURNAL OF PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTED FACILITIES
DT Article
DE Seismic effects; Isolation; Rehabilitation; Schools; Rubber;
   Earthquakes; China; Buildings; Seismic isolation; Retrofit; School
   building; Rubber bearing; Sliding bearing
AB Recent large earthquakes in China (e.g., Wenchuan earthquake and Yushu earthquake) resulted in enormous damage to school buildings and took many students' lives. Recognizing the seismic vulnerability of existing school buildings, the Chinese government started a nationwide mission in 2009, aiming at increasing the seismic capacity of school buildings through inspection and retrofit activities. This paper presents the experiences of the authors in the retrofits of school buildings in which seismic isolation by using rubber and/or sliding bearings was adopted as a new and efficient retrofit technique, as compared with conventional ones. The retrofitted school buildings include masonry buildings, RC frame buildings, and a mixture of both. Design methods and the corresponding requirements in the modified seismic design code are presented, and typical construction procedures of the seismic retrofit are summarized from an engineer's point of view. Procedures regarding the contract and review of the retrofit projects are also introduced. To this end, a case study is made to demonstrate the proposed design and construction methods. The presented work provides references to the seismic retrofit of existing buildings.
C1 [Guo, Tong] Southeast Univ, Key Lab Concrete & Prestressed Concrete Struct, Minist Educ, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
   [Xu, Weijie; Song, Lianglong] Southeast Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
   [Wei, Longwu] Jiangsu Hongji Sci Technol Co Ltd, Nanjing 210018, Peoples R China.
C3 Southeast University - China; Southeast University - China
RP Guo, T (corresponding author), Southeast Univ, Key Lab Concrete & Prestressed Concrete Struct, Minist Educ, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM guotong77@gmail.com; xwj19900429@gmail.com; seusongll@gmail.com;
   dongdahongji@163.com
TC 19
Z9 22
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0887-3828
EI 1943-5509
PD FEB 1
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 1
BP 96
EP 107
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000411
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
UT WOS:000330810600011
ER

PT J
AU Li, Z
   Wang, XJ
   He, MJ
   Ou, JJ
   Li, MH
   Luo, Q
   Dong, HL
AF Li, Zheng
   Wang, Xijun
   He, Minjuan
   Ou, Jiajia
   Li, Minghao
   Luo, Qi
   Dong, Hanlin
TI Structural Damage Evaluation of Multistory Timber-Steel Hybrid
   Structures through Shake Table Tests
SO JOURNAL OF PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTED FACILITIES
DT Article
DE Timber hybrid structure; Shake table test; Damage assessment; Damage
   index; Interstory drift
ID SEISMIC PERFORMANCE; WOOD
AB Timber-based hybrid structures provide a prospective solution for utilizing environmentally friendly timber material in the construction of midrise or high-rise structures. This study mainly focuses on structural damage evaluation for a type of timber-steel hybrid structure that incorporates prefabricated light wood-frame shear walls into steel moment-resisting frames (SMRFs). The structural damage of such a hybrid structure was evaluated through shake table tests on a 4-story large-scale timber-steel hybrid structure. Four ground motion records (i.e., Wenchuan earthquake, Canterbury earthquake, El-Centro earthquake, and Kobe earthquake) were chosen for the tests, with the consideration of three different probability levels (i.e., minor, moderate, and major earthquakes) for each record. During the shake table tests, the hybrid structure performed quite well with visual damage only to wood shear walls. No visual damage in SMRFs and the frame-to-wall connections was observed. The correlation of visual damage to seismic intensity, modal-based damage index, and interstory drift is discussed. The reported work provides a basis of knowledge for performance-based seismic design (PBSD) for such timber-based hybrid structures.
C1 [Li, Zheng; Wang, Xijun; He, Minjuan; Luo, Qi; Dong, Hanlin] Tongji Univ, Dept Struct Engn, 1239 Siping Rd, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
   [Ou, Jiajia] China Southwest Architectural Design & Res Inst C, 866 North Sect Tianfu Ave, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China.
   [Li, Minghao] Univ Canterbury, Dept Civil & Nat Resources Engn, 20 Kirkwood Ave, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand.
C3 Tongji University; University of Canterbury
RP He, MJ (corresponding author), Tongji Univ, Dept Struct Engn, 1239 Siping Rd, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
EM zhengli@tongji.edu.cn; xijunwang@tongji.edu.cn; hemj@tongji.edu.cn;
   ouyangjia28@126.com; minghao.li@canterbuty.ac.nz; rocky568@126.com;
   hanlin.dong@tongji.edu.cn
TC 9
Z9 9
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0887-3828
EI 1943-5509
PD FEB 1
PY 2021
VL 35
IS 1
AR 04020139
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0001555
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
UT WOS:000641763700021
ER

PT J
AU Cui, Z
   Sheng, Q
   Zhang, GM
   Liu, H
AF Cui, Zhen
   Sheng, Qian
   Zhang, Gui-min
   Liu, Hua
TI A modified rock mass classification considering seismic effects in the
   basic quality (BQ) system
SO BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
DT Article
DE Rock mass classification; Tunnel; Rock mass basic quality; Seismic
   design; Intactness index of rock mass
ID MOUNTAIN TUNNELS; DAMAGE; RMI
AB Safe construction and operation of tunnels in high seismic risk regions require special aseismic design. A possible solution to this issue is to consider the earthquake damage that a tunnel may suffer beforehand in the process of engineering rock mass classification during the geotechnical investigation phase. Then, the tunnel support system is designed with this modified classification result. To verify this hypothesis, this work investigates the Chinese engineering rock mass classification system, the basic quality (BQ) rating system, considering seismic effects. The main contribution of the current work is to quantitatively modify the rock mass intactness index K-v in the BQ system considering the potential earthquake damage under various levels of design peak ground acceleration. The procedure to obtain the rock mass basic quality index considering the design peak ground acceleration is proposed and verified with real field data from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. This approach is a promising enhancement of the empirical methods for considering the seismic effects for tunnels that require special design against possible earthquake impacts.
C1 [Cui, Zhen; Sheng, Qian] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, State Key Lab Geomech & Geotech Engn, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, Peoples R China.
   [Cui, Zhen] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Sch Engn Sci, Beijing 10049, Peoples R China.
   [Cui, Zhen; Zhang, Gui-min] China Univ Min & Technol, State Key Lab GeoMech & Deep Underground Engn, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
   [Liu, Hua] Zhejiang Univ Technol, Sch Civil Engn & Architecture, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
C3 Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan Institute of Rock & Soil Mechanics,
   CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of
   Sciences, CAS; China University of Mining & Technology; Zhejiang
   University of Technology
RP Cui, Z (corresponding author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, State Key Lab Geomech & Geotech Engn, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, Peoples R China.; Cui, Z (corresponding author), Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Sch Engn Sci, Beijing 10049, Peoples R China.; Cui, Z (corresponding author), China Univ Min & Technol, State Key Lab GeoMech & Deep Underground Engn, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM zcui@whrsm.ac.cn
TC 16
Z9 16
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1435-9529
EI 1435-9537
PD MAR
PY 2021
VL 80
IS 3
BP 2249
EP 2260
DI 10.1007/s10064-020-02064-7
EA JAN 2021
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000605938300004
ER

PT J
AU Gan, L
   Wei, LH
   Huang, S
   Hou, CP
   Zhou, Y
   Han, BT
AF Gan, Lu
   Wei, Lihong
   Huang, Shan
   Hou, Chaoping
   Zhou, Ying
   Han, Bernard T.
TI IPO-Based Evaluation of Sustainable Postdisaster Recovery from
   Stakeholder Perspectives of the Lushan Earthquake
SO NATURAL HAZARDS REVIEW
DT Article
DE Postdisaster recovery (PDR); Sustainable development; Multistakeholder
   engagement; Internet public opinion (IPO); Modified analytic hierarchy
   process; Hesitant fuzzy linguistic (HFL)
ID DISASTER RISK REDUCTION; WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; SOCIAL MEDIA;
   RECONSTRUCTION PROCESS; COMMUNITY; RESILIENCE; SATISFACTION;
   PARTICIPATION; MANAGEMENT; RESIDENTS
AB Assessing disaster resilience is one of the important research issues for disaster risk management. The process of postdisaster recovery (PDR) involves multiple stakeholders, and their expectations and engagement are considered a key factor for the success of PDR projects. This paper is oriented toward sustainable development, combined with the demands of many stakeholders, and proposes a comprehensive recovery evaluation that considers the sustainability of community resilience. Based on internet public opinion (IPO), a novel method integrating a modified analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and hesitant fuzzy linguistics (HFL) is introduced to guarantee multiple stakeholders' engagement. Specifically, literature research and field interviews are combined with IPO data using text mining techniques to establish evaluation indices. The evaluation results indicate that the overall recovery level of the Lushan earthquake is between fairly and slightly good. It reveals that balances between social (e.g., infrastructure reconstruction, public services and economic recovery, etc.) and individual aspects (e.g., housing allowance, life recovery, mental health, etc.) are needed for recovery improvements. Moreover, housing is regarded as the most urgent and critical task in PDR. Accordingly, increasing requirements for the protection of intangible heritages are anticipated. Finally, possible policies on recovery and poverty alleviation are recommended.
C1 [Gan, Lu; Wei, Lihong; Huang, Shan; Hou, Chaoping; Zhou, Ying] Sichuan Agr Univ, Coll Architecture & Urban Rural Planning, Dujiangyan 611830, Peoples R China.
   [Huang, Shan] Univ Kitakyushu, Fac Environm Engn, Fukuoka 8038501, Japan.
   [Han, Bernard T.] Western Michigan Univ, Haworth Coll Business, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
C3 Sichuan Agricultural University; University of Kitakyushu; Western
   Michigan University
RP Zhou, Y (corresponding author), Sichuan Agr Univ, Coll Architecture & Urban Rural Planning, Dujiangyan 611830, Peoples R China.
EM ganlu_soarpb@sicau.edu.cn; 983451032@qq.com; huangshan33255@163.com;
   hchaopinh@sicau.edu.cn; zhouying3333@163.com; bernerd.han@wmich.edu
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1527-6988
EI 1527-6996
PD MAY 1
PY 2023
VL 24
IS 2
DI 10.1061/NHREFO.NHENG-1596
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
UT WOS:000952342200031
ER

PT J
AU Chen, LW
   Wu, XY
   Guo, TT
AF Chen, Longwei
   Wu, Xiaoyang
   Guo, Tingting
TI A Simplified Displacement Spectrum Model Based on Recent Digital
   Strong-Motion Data
SO JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
DT Article
DE Displacement spectrum; digital strong-motion data; peak ground-motion
   displacement; long-period; simplified model
ID PERIOD GROUND-MOTION; 2003 TOKACHI-OKI; NEW-ZEALAND; RUPTURE PROCESS;
   DARFIELD CANTERBURY; WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; GEODETIC DATA; LONG; JAPAN;
   FAULT
AB Displacement spectrum is an essential aspect in displacement-based seismic design (DBSD) philosophy that, comparing to force-based, describes in a more explicit way the structural response and the damage. To better apply DBSD, the displacement spectrum model in period ranging up to 15 s is rephrased using recent high-quality digital strong motion data worldwide, particularly from China territory. After systematical analysis conducted of the influence factors as magnitude, distance, and site conditions on displacement spectrum, it is found that magnitude played a more predominant role in characterizing displacement spectrum that is normalized by peak ground-motion displacement than site conditions and distance. A simplified magnitude-scaled model consisting of four straight line segments constrained by three corner periods and their corresponding amplitudes is proposed to model the normalized displacement spectrum. Comparison with seismic data and the published models verifies the applicability of the proposed model especially for strong earthquakes. Residual analysis indicates the simplified model satisfactorily matches the records with respect to magnitude and distance but the variability of model prediction slightly tends to grow as magnitude and distance increase.
C1 [Chen, Longwei; Wu, Xiaoyang; Guo, Tingting] China Earthquake Adm, Key Lab Earthquake Engn & Engn Vibrat, Inst Engn Mech, 29 Xuefu Rd, Harbin 150080, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China.
   [Chen, Longwei; Wu, Xiaoyang; Guo, Tingting] Minist Emergency Management, Key Lab Earthquake Disaster Mitigat, Harbin, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China.
C3 China Earthquake Administration; Institute of Engineering Mechanics, CEA
RP Chen, LW (corresponding author), China Earthquake Adm, Key Lab Earthquake Engn & Engn Vibrat, Inst Engn Mech, 29 Xuefu Rd, Harbin 150080, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China.
EM chenlw@iem.ac.cn
TC 5
Z9 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1363-2469
EI 1559-808X
PD APR 26
PY 2023
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1629
EP 1648
DI 10.1080/13632469.2022.2086188
EA JUN 2022
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000813721100001
ER

PT J
AU Zhang, CL
   Jiang, GL
   Su, LJ
   Lei, D
   Liu, WM
   Wang, ZM
AF Zhang, Chonglei
   Jiang, Guanlu
   Su, Lijun
   Lei, Da
   Liu, Weiming
   Wang, Zhimeng
TI Large-scale shaking table model test on seismic performance of
   bridge-pile-foundation slope with anti-sliding piles: a case study
SO BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
DT Article
DE Anti-slide piles; Shaking table model; Peak ground acceleration; Bridge
   pile foundation; Seismic response
ID 2008 WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; NONLINEAR SITE RESPONSE; REINFORCED SLOPES;
   DYNAMIC-BEHAVIOR; SICHUAN PROVINCE; LANDSLIDES; FREQUENCY; CONCRETE;
   AMPLIFICATION; DEFORMATION
AB This study aimed to illustrate the seismic performances of anti-slide pile-reinforced bridge foundations in landslides. Based on the anti-slide reinforcement project at Yousuotun along the Chengdu-Lanzhou high-speed railway under construction, shaking table tests were performed on a double-row anti-slide pile-reinforced bridge foundation and landslide model with a 1:40 similitude ratio. Given that the similitude law was satisfied, seismic waves with different frequencies and acceleration amplitudes were input as base excitations to monitor the responses of dynamic parameters: slope acceleration, earth pressure, and pile strain. The amplification effect of peak ground acceleration (PGA) was analyzed. The landslide thrust distribution characteristics and slope response processes were further studied to verify the seismic design of such bridge foundations in landslide-prone areas. The response acceleration of the slope subjected to seismic loads showed a nonlinear amplification "elevation effect", "surface effect", and "geological structure effect". When the distance between the bridge foundation and the back-row anti-slide pile was small, the pier maintained a relatively large PGA amplification factor and was subjected to strong seismic loads. The landslide thrust was mainly borne by the upper part of the back-row anti-slide piles as its distribution changed from spoon-shaped to bow-shaped. Under high-intensity earthquake events, the load-bearing section of the bridge foundation should be strengthened at the sliding surface. Anti-slide piles can effectively limit the dynamic response of the landslide and weaken the seismic response of the slope. The results of testing this reinforcement are the first results proving that the seismic design of reinforced bridge foundations with anti-slide piles can be reliable.
C1 [Zhang, Chonglei; Su, Lijun; Liu, Weiming] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Mt Hazards & Environm, Key Lab Mt Hazards & Earth Surface Proc, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
   [Zhang, Chonglei; Su, Lijun] CAS Ctr Excellence Tibetan Plateau Earth Sci, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
   [Jiang, Guanlu; Lei, Da] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, MOE Key Lab High Speed Railway Engn, Sch Civil Engn, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
   [Wang, Zhimeng] China Railway Eryuan Engn Grp Co Ltd, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
C3 Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Mountain Hazards &
   Environment, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Tibetan
   Plateau Research, CAS; Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth
   Sciences (CETES), CAS; Southwest Jiaotong University
RP Jiang, GL (corresponding author), Southwest Jiaotong Univ, MOE Key Lab High Speed Railway Engn, Sch Civil Engn, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
EM zhangchonglei@imde.ac.cn; wgljiang@home.swjtu.edu.cn;
   sulijun1976@163.com; china722309220@sina.cn; liuwm@imde.ac.cn;
   shandisuo@163.com
TC 41
Z9 46
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1435-9529
EI 1435-9537
PD APR
PY 2020
VL 79
IS 3
BP 1429
EP 1447
DI 10.1007/s10064-019-01614-y
EA NOV 2019
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000493940600002
ER

PT J
AU Sun, BT
   Spencer, BF
   Yan, PL
   Chen, XZ
   Zhang, GX
AF Sun, Baitao
   Spencer, Billie F.
   Yan, Peilei
   Chen, Xiangzhao
   Zhang, Guixin
TI Analysis of the Seismic Vulnerability of Buildings in the Lushan
   Ms7.0 Earthquake in the Sichuan Province of China
SO JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
DT Article
DE Lushan earthquake; seismic damage; engineering structures; seismic
   vulnerability; statistical analysis
AB This study is carried out based on field investigation data obtained over more than 20 days after the 20 April 2013 Lushan M(s)7.0 earthquake in Sichuan Province, China. The investigation includes detailed seismic damage data from 3,684 buildings in 428 districts. This research summarizes the seismic characteristics of buildings with different structures in this area and systematically analyzes the cause of damage. Based on this analysis, the seismic vulnerability of various structural forms in different intensity regions is systematically assessed. The damage characteristics are summarized for several types of the structures typical in the region: constrained masonry structures designed following current standards, unengineered constrained masonry structures, unreinforced masonry structures, brick-wood structures, brick-concrete structure, traditional Chinese timber frame structures, reinforced concrete frame structures, tall buildings, and industrial plants. Moreover, the causes of damage to these structures are investigated. Furthermore, through statistical analysis, this study develops a vulnerability matrix for the main building types and compares their vulnerabilities of similar buildings in regions with different earthquake intensities. The research results provide an important reference for earthquake engineers to recognize failure modes in different types of structures (especially those reconstructed after the Wenchuan earthquake, Sichuan Province, China), revise seismic design codes, and formulate future disaster-reduction plans.
C1 [Sun, Baitao; Yan, Peilei; Chen, Xiangzhao; Zhang, Guixin] China Earthquake Adm, Key Lab Earthquake Engn & Engn Vibrat, Inst Engn Mech, Harbin, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China.
   [Spencer, Billie F.] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
C3 China Earthquake Administration; Institute of Engineering Mechanics,
   CEA; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois
   Urbana-Champaign
RP Spencer, BF (corresponding author), Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM bfs@illinois.edu
TC 29
Z9 29
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1363-2469
EI 1559-808X
PD JAN 25
PY 2022
VL 26
IS 2
BP 764
EP 792
DI 10.1080/13632469.2019.1692742
EA DEC 2019
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000503136900001
ER

PT J
AU Yan, KM
   Zhang, JJ
   Cheng, QG
   Wu, JB
   Wang, ZJ
   Tian, H
AF Yan, Kongming
   Zhang, Jianjing
   Cheng, Qiangong
   Wu, Jinbiao
   Wang, Zhijia
   Tian, Hua
TI Earthquake loading response of a slope with an inclined weak
   intercalated layer using centrifuge modeling
SO BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
DT Article
DE Slope; Weak intercalated layer; Earthquake; Dynamic centrifuge test;
   S-transform
ID 2008 WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; LOESS-MUDSTONE SLOPE; SEISMIC RESPONSE; SOIL
   SLOPES; ROCK SLOPE; IDENTIFICATION; PERFORMANCE; LITHOLOGY; BEHAVIOR
AB Seismic performance and the dynamic deformation mode of a slope with a weak intercalated layer (WIL) under earthquake excitations are very important for suitable seismic design of certain structures. In southwestern China, near the Longmenshan Fault, the dynamic response of slopes triggered by earthquakes is still not well understood. In this study, a series of dynamic centrifuge model tests under a 50-g hypergravity treatment with different input seismic motions were performed to investigate the effect of the input motion on the dynamic behavior of the WIL slope. The test results indicate that the amplification factors of the acceleration response increased with increasing height of the slope, reaching maximum values at the crest and the top surface, but abrupt changes in amplification with increasing height occurred at the WIL. The acceleration amplification at the WIL was related to the peak of the input motion. The amplification factor at the intercalated layer was weakened when the peak of input acceleration was equal to or less than 0.15 g, but it increased when the input peak was greater than 0.15 g. Acceleration amplification at the WIL was affected by the slope structure effect.
C1 [Yan, Kongming; Zhang, Jianjing] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Minist Educ, Key Lab Transportat Tunnel Engn, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
   [Cheng, Qiangong] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Fac Geosci & Environm Engn, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
   [Wu, Jinbiao] Univ Newcastle, ARC Ctr Excellence Geotech Sci & Engn, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
   [Wang, Zhijia] Hainan Univ, Coll Civil Engn & Architecture, Haikou 570228, Hainan, Peoples R China.
   [Tian, Hua] Nucl Ind Southwest Survey & Design Inst Co Ltd, Chengdu 610061, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
C3 Southwest Jiaotong University; Southwest Jiaotong University; University
   of Newcastle; Hainan University
RP Zhang, JJ (corresponding author), Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Minist Educ, Key Lab Transportat Tunnel Engn, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
EM Jianzhang1102@swjtu.edu.cn; 993041@hainu.edu.cn
TC 19
Z9 20
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1435-9529
EI 1435-9537
PD SEP
PY 2019
VL 78
IS 6
BP 4439
EP 4450
DI 10.1007/s10064-018-1421-4
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000482240400039
ER

PT J
AU Chen, LZ
   Lu, XL
   Jiang, HJ
   Zheng, JB
AF Chen Linzhi
   Lu Xilin
   Jiang Huanjun
   Zheng Jianbo
TI Experimental investigation of damage behavior of RC frame members
   including non-seismically designed columns
SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING VIBRATION
DT Article
DE reinforced concrete frame member; cyclic test; hysteresis behavior;
   damage behavior; seismic performance
ID PERFORMANCE
AB Reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures are one of the mostly common used structural systems, and their seismic performance is largely determined by the performance of columns and beams. This paper describes horizontal cyclic loading tests of ten column and three beam specimens, some of which were designed according to the current seismic design code and others were designed according to the early non-seismic Chinese design code, aiming at reporting the behavior of the damaged or collapsed RC frame strctures observed during the Wenchuan earthquake. The effects of axial load ratio, shear span ratio, and transverse and longitudinal reinforcement ratio on hysteresis behavior, ductility and damage progress were incorporated in the experimental study. Test results indicate that the non-seismically designed columns show premature shear failure, and yield larger maximum residual crack widths and more concrete spalling than the seismically designed columns. In addition, longitudinal steel reinforcement rebars were severely buckled. The axial load ratio and shear span ratio proved to be the most important factors affecting the ductility, crack opening width and closing ability, while the longitudinal reinforcement ratio had only a minor effect on column ductility, but exhibited more influence on beam ductility. Finally, the transverse reinforcement ratio did not influence the maximum residual crack width and closing ability of the seismically designed columns.
C1 [Chen Linzhi; Lu Xilin; Jiang Huanjun; Zheng Jianbo] Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
C3 Tongji University
RP Lu, XL (corresponding author), Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, 1239 Siping Rd, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
EM lxlst@tongji.edu.cn
TC 18
Z9 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1671-3664
EI 1993-503X
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 8
IS 2
BP 301
EP 311
DI 10.1007/s11803-009-9018-3
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000267485500012
ER

PT J
AU Chen, XL
   Lan, J
AF Chen, Xiaoli
   Lan, Jian
TI Impact of slope stability changes on landslide activity near the
   epicenter of the 2008 Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake, China
SO BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
DT Article
DE Co-seismic landslides; Post-seismic landslides; Slope stability; Newmark
   model; Remote sensing
ID RAINFALL-INDUCED LANDSLIDES; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; AREA; EVOLUTION;
   SICHUAN; MODEL; FAULT; SIZE; NORTHRIDGE; TRANSPORT
AB Strong earthquakes in mountainous regions can trigger massive landslides, and not just during the period of shaking. This study uses a time series of remote images to better understand the distribution of landslides near the epicenter of the 2008 Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake. We use multi-year high-resolution satellite images to interpret landslides and establish landslide inventories spanning from 2008 to 2019. Based on differencing pre-earthquake and post-earthquake digital elevation models (DEMs), we calculate the factor of safety (F-s, i.e., resisting forces versus driving forces) of slopes using a simplified Newmark model. Results show that landslide occurrence highly relies on slope stability, demonstrated by both co-seismic and post-seismic landslide mapping. According to the F-s analysis, which is closely related to the gradual slope change after the earthquake, most slopes within the study area stabilized after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, consistent with the decreasing trend of the landslide activity level. However, due to lithologic variation, the changes of post-earthquake slope stability may differ with landscape features in various regions and result in different geologic hazards. Thus, we highlight the necessity of continuous post-seismic monitoring and analysis of slope stability in different affected regions. The results of this work provide useful information for post-seismic infrastructure reconstruction and future earthquake disaster prevention in mountainous areas.
C1 [Chen, Xiaoli; Lan, Jian] China Earthquake Adm, Key Lab Seism & Volcan Hazards, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
   [Chen, Xiaoli; Lan, Jian] China Earthquake Adm, Inst Geol, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
C3 China Earthquake Administration; China Earthquake Administration;
   Institute of Geology, CEA
RP Chen, XL (corresponding author), China Earthquake Adm, Key Lab Seism & Volcan Hazards, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.; Chen, XL (corresponding author), China Earthquake Adm, Inst Geol, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
EM chenxl@ies.ac.cn
TC 5
Z9 6
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1435-9529
EI 1435-9537
PD JUL
PY 2021
VL 80
IS 7
BP 5259
EP 5270
DI 10.1007/s10064-021-02147-z
EA MAY 2021
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000646488900001
ER

PT J
AU Tian, YY
   Owen, LA
   Xu, C
   Ma, SY
   Li, K
   Xu, XW
   Figueiredo, PM
   Kang, WJ
   Guo, P
   Wang, SY
   Liang, XH
   Maharjan, SB
AF Tian, Yingying
   Owen, Lewis A.
   Xu, Chong
   Ma, Siyuan
   Li, Kang
   Xu, Xiwei
   Figueiredo, Paula Marques
   Kang, Wenjun
   Guo, Peng
   Wang, Siyu
   Liang, Xiaohua
   Maharjan, Sudan Bikash
TI Landslide development within 3 years after the 2015
   Mw 7.8 Gorkha earthquake, Nepal
SO LANDSLIDES
DT Article
DE 2015 Gorkha earthquake; Nepal; Himalaya; Landsliding; Ground-based
   investigation; UAV photography; Remote sensing
ID 2005 KASHMIR EARTHQUAKE; RAINFALL-INDUCED LANDSLIDES; LARGE-SCALE
   LANDSLIDES; WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; JIUZHAIGOU
   EARTHQUAKE; COSEISMIC LANDSLIDES; CHINA; SICHUAN; AREA
AB The Araniko and Pasang Lhamu highways are two critical trading routes connecting Nepal and China that are experiencing and are threatened by landsliding. The April 25 M-w 7.8 Gorkha earthquake and its May 12 M-w 7.3 aftershock in 2015 significantly increased landsliding along these highways. Multi-temporal remote sensing images (pre-seismic to December 2017) on Google Earth, aerial photography acquired in 2018 using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and field investigations and surveys in June 2015, November-December 2017, and April-May 2018 quantify the development of selected landslides after the earthquake along the two highways. These include detailed studies of 39 and 30 landslide locations in 2017 and 2018, respectively, with 14 locations common to both the 2017 and 2018 studies. Only the landslides in five locations showed a slight decrease in activity after the earthquake, and most landslides continued to move and enlarge. More than five new landslides were triggered by monsoon rainfalls in the summers of 2017 and 2018. All the landslides pose significant challenges for infrastructure reconstruction and hazard reduction in the area affected by the Gorkha earthquake, especially along the Araniko and Pasang Lhamu highways. Comparison of landslide debris volume, pre- and post- earthquake rainfalls, and earthquakes that occurred before and after the 2015 Gorkha earthquake with the 1999 Chi-Chi, 2005 Kashmir, and 2008 Wenchuan earthquakes show that continuing rainfall after earthquakes and strong aftershock shaking are key factors affecting continued landsliding in these earthquake-effected areas.
C1 [Tian, Yingying; Xu, Chong; Ma, Siyuan; Li, Kang; Xu, Xiwei; Kang, Wenjun; Guo, Peng; Wang, Siyu; Liang, Xiaohua] China Earthquake Adm, Key Lab Act Tecton & Volcano, Inst Geol, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
   [Owen, Lewis A.; Figueiredo, Paula Marques] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
   [Xu, Chong; Li, Kang; Xu, Xiwei] China Earthquake Adm, Inst Crustal Dynam, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China.
   [Wang, Siyu] Univ Victoria, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.
   [Maharjan, Sudan Bikash] Int Ctr Integrated Mt Dev ICIMOD, Kathmandu 44700, Nepal.
C3 China Earthquake Administration; Institute of Geology, CEA; North
   Carolina State University; China Earthquake Administration; University
   of Victoria
RP Xu, C (corresponding author), China Earthquake Adm, Inst Crustal Dynam, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China.
EM xc11111111@126.com
TC 44
Z9 48
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1612-510X
EI 1612-5118
PD MAY
PY 2020
VL 17
IS 5
BP 1251
EP 1267
DI 10.1007/s10346-020-01366-x
EA FEB 2020
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000516016400001
ER

PT J
AU Loli, M
   Anastasopoulos, I
   Bransby, MF
   Ahmed, W
   Gazetas, G
AF Loli, M.
   Anastasopoulos, I.
   Bransby, M. F.
   Ahmed, W.
   Gazetas, G.
TI Caisson Foundations Subjected to Reverse Fault Rupture: Centrifuge
   Testing and Numerical Analysis
SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
DT Article
DE Thrust fault; Finite elements; 3D analysis; Caisson foundations;
   Centrifuge modeling; Soil-caisson-rupture interaction; Tectonic
   deformation
ID 7.9 WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; STRUCTURE SYSTEMS; PROPAGATION; DESIGN;
   DEFORMATION
AB Recent large-magnitude (M > 7) earthquakes have caused numerous failures induced by surface faulting, demonstrating the need to account for tectonic deformation in seismic design. Thanks to their usually high rigidity, embedded (e.g., caisson) foundations may divert the fault rupture and lead to favorable performance, whereas surface or piled foundations may fail. We present a series of centrifuge model tests to investigate the response of caisson foundations embedded in a cohesionless soil stratum, the base of which is subjected to reverse faulting. We elucidate the interplay between the propagating fault rupture and the caisson, focusing on the role of the location of the outcropping rupture relative to the caisson. The rigid-body of the caisson causes diversion and/or bifurcation of the shear localization, which is forced to develop preferentially around the edges of the caisson. The observed failure pattern and the consequent caisson response depend strongly on the exact caisson position relative to the fault. We employed three-dimensional (3D) finite-element (FE) modeling and validated it by comparing to centrifuge test results. The numerical method captures the general interaction mechanisms, showing satisfactory (if not always perfect) agreement with experiments. We then employ the validated numerical method in a parametric investigation, providing further insight into the different possible modes of foundation response. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000512. (C) 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Anastasopoulos, I.; Gazetas, G.] Natl Tech Univ Athens, Zografos 15780, Greece.
   [Loli, M.; Bransby, M. F.; Ahmed, W.] Univ Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland.
C3 National Technical University of Athens; University of Dundee
RP Gazetas, G (corresponding author), Natl Tech Univ Athens, Heroon Polytechniou 9, Zografos 15780, Greece.
EM mariannaloli@yahoo.com; ianast@civil.ntua.gr; m.f.bransby@dundee.ac.uk;
   w.ahmed@dundee.ac.uk; gazetas@ath.forthnet.gr
TC 41
Z9 46
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1090-0241
EI 1943-5606
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 137
IS 10
BP 914
EP 925
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000512
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000296509600007
ER

PT J
AU Amjadian, M
   Agrawal, AK
AF Amjadian, Mohsen
   Agrawal, Anil K.
TI Rigid-Body Motion of Horizontally Curved Bridges Subjected to
   Earthquake-Induced Pounding
SO JOURNAL OF BRIDGE ENGINEERING
DT Article
DE Horizontally curved bridges; Seismic pounding; Nonlinear analytical
   model
ID 2008 WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; REINFORCED-CONCRETE BRIDGES; SLAB-GIRDER
   BRIDGES; HIGHWAY BRIDGES; SEISMIC RESPONSE; STEEL BRIDGES; HYSTERETIC
   SYSTEMS; RANDOM VIBRATION; DAMAGE; MODEL
AB Horizontally curved bridges have been observed to suffer severe structural damage during past earthquakes. Unseating of the deck from abutments is one of the typical modes of failure of horizontal curved bridges. This type of failure is caused primarily because of excessive in-plane rigid-body motion of decks of these bridges, mainly due to the irregular geometry of the bridge itself and seismic pounding between the deck and abutments. This paper investigates the influence of seismic pounding on rigid-body motion of horizontally curved bridges during strong earthquakes using an analytical approach. For this purpose, a 3-degree-of-freedom nonlinear model has been developed to capture main dynamic parameters affecting seismic response of horizontally curved bridges. The accuracy of this model has been verified by finite-element modeling of a typical horizontal curved bridge. An extensive parametric analysis has been performed by varying key parameters, including the size of the gap between the deck and abutments, the subtended angle of the deck, and the presence of friction. Numerical results show that in-plane response quantities of horizontally curved bridges, such as radial and azimuthal displacements of corners of the deck and rotation of the deck about the mass center, are affected noticeably because of seismic pounding. Validity and reasonableness of seismic design guideline recommendations for regular curved bridges in the presence of seismic pounding have also been investigated.
C1 [Amjadian, Mohsen; Agrawal, Anil K.] CUNY, City Coll, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 160 Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031 USA.
C3 City University of New York (CUNY) System; City College of New York
   (CUNY)
RP Amjadian, M (corresponding author), CUNY, City Coll, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 160 Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031 USA.
EM mamjadian@ccny.cuny.edu; agrawal@ccny.cuny.edu
TC 44
Z9 52
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1084-0702
EI 1943-5592
PD DEC
PY 2016
VL 21
IS 12
AR 04016090
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000962
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000388598400010
ER

PT J
AU Bao, YJ
   Hu, HQ
   Gan, G
AF Bao, Yangjuan
   Hu, Hongqiang
   Gan, Gang
TI Seismic response analysis of slope reinforced by pile-anchor structures
   under near-fault pulse-like ground motions
SO SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
DT Article
DE Slopes; Seismic responses; Pile-anchor structures; Pulse-like ground
   motions; Shaking table model tests
ID WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; SHAKING; DIRECTIVITY; BEHAVIOR; FAILURE; MODEL
AB Many post-earthquake investigations have found that natural slopes and geotechnical structures near the faults can be seriously damaged by earthquakes. Pile-anchor structure is one of slope reinforcement measure that widely used in earthquake-prone areas due to its flexible characteristic. To explore the seismic responses and behavior of slopes reinforced by this kind of retaining structure near faults, a series of shaking table model tests were performed. The effect of pule-like ground motions on the seismic responses of system are systematically analyzed by the results from the excitation of pulse-like and no-pulse ground motions in terms of acceleration responses, amplification effect, wave reflection effect and the soil-structure interaction effect. The results demonstrate that the pulse-like ground motions can seriously aggravate the seismic responses and reduce the stability of the system. To better reveal the effect from the pulse-like ground motions, a special shaking scenario, based on the semi-artificial ground motions generated by the wavelet analysis approach, was also conducted to study the effect from different components in the pulse-like ground motions on the seismic responses of system. The results obtained in present study can promote the understanding of the seismic behavior of slopes and slope retaining structures under the pulse-like ground motions, and provide a basis for the seismic design of pileanchor structures near the faults in earthquake-prone regions.
C1 [Bao, Yangjuan] Zhejiang Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Civil Engn & Architecture, Hangzhou 310023, Peoples R China.
   [Hu, Hongqiang] Zhejiang Univ City Coll, Coll Engn, Hangzhou 310015, Peoples R China.
   [Hu, Hongqiang; Gan, Gang] Zhejiang Univ Corp Ltd, Architectural Design & Res Inst, Hangzhou 310028, Peoples R China.
   [Hu, Hongqiang; Gan, Gang] Zhejiang Univ, Ctr Balance Architecture, Hangzhou 310028, Peoples R China.
   [Hu, Hongqiang] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Civil Engn & Architecture, Hangzhou 310058, Peoples R China.
   [Bao, Yangjuan] Shanghai Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Shanghai 200444, Peoples R China.
C3 Zhejiang University of Science & Technology; Hangzhou City University;
   Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Shanghai University
RP Hu, HQ (corresponding author), Zhejiang Univ City Coll, Coll Engn, Hangzhou 310015, Peoples R China.; Hu, HQ; Gan, G (corresponding author), Zhejiang Univ Corp Ltd, Architectural Design & Res Inst, Hangzhou 310028, Peoples R China.
EM huhongqiang93@163.com; gang@zuadr.com
TC 22
Z9 25
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0267-7261
EI 1879-341X
PD JAN
PY 2023
VL 164
AR 107576
DI 10.1016/j.soildyn.2022.107576
EA OCT 2022
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000882393400003
ER

PT J
AU Yu, QS
   Zhang, YB
   Chen, HP
   Li, DJ
   Chen, Q
   Zhang, SH
   Hu, B
   Bai, Y
AF Yu, Qiangshan
   Zhang, Yingbin
   Chen, Haiping
   Li, Dejian
   Chen, Qiang
   Zhang, Shihao
   Hu, Bing
   Bai, Yang
TI Dynamic Response of a Novel Anchor-Pile for Slope Stabilization
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS IN
   GEOMECHANICS
DT Article; Early Access
DE anchor-pile; calculation method; dynamic response; finite difference
   method; shaking table test
ID 2008 WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; LUSHAN EARTHQUAKE; WINKLER MODEL; LANDSLIDES;
   SOIL; BEHAVIOR
AB A novel anchor-pile for slope stabilization, composed of the flexible anchor cable and rigid frame pile, is proposed to achieve a combination of high load-bearing capacity and flexible deformation. This composite retaining structure has been increasingly applied in seismic areas, yet its dynamic calculation method has not been proposed. In this study, based on the dynamic interaction between the anchor-pile and the surrounding geomaterials, the soil around the frame piles is simplified as an elastic Winkler foundation. A dynamic calculation model for the anchor-pile is then established through D'Alembert's principle and the sign function. The dynamic equilibrium equations describing the segmental cooperative load-bearing behavior of the anchor cables, frame pile, and geomaterials are derived, and these equations were solved using the finite difference method. Finally, the proposed method was applied to a case study and compared with the results of a large-scale shaking table test. The maximum difference in displacement was 14.81%, showing good agreement between the two and demonstrating the reliability of the proposed method. The analysis indicates that under seismic reciprocating motion, the movement patterns of the anchor-pile toward the outside and inside of the slope are asymmetric. The maximum displacement and maximum bending moment during outward movement are significantly greater than those during inward movement, with differences of 44.90% and 28.57%, respectively. The findings of this study offer a theoretical basis for the dynamic analysis and seismic design of the novel anchor-pile.
C1 [Yu, Qiangshan; Zhang, Yingbin; Chen, Haiping; Li, Dejian; Chen, Qiang; Zhang, Shihao; Hu, Bing; Bai, Yang] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, State Key Lab Intelligent Geotech & Tunnelling, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
C3 Southwest Jiaotong University
RP Zhang, YB (corresponding author), Southwest Jiaotong Univ, State Key Lab Intelligent Geotech & Tunnelling, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
EM yingbinz719@swjtu.edu.cn
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0363-9061
EI 1096-9853
PD 2025 NOV 12
PY 2025
DI 10.1002/nag.70142
EA NOV 2025
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics
UT WOS:001612310000001
ER

PT J
AU Gao, YQ
   Wang, LY
   Sun, SJ
   Zhang, Y
   Pan, JS
   Gao, YF
AF Gao, Yunqi
   Wang, Liya
   Sun, Shuaijie
   Zhang, Yu
   Pan, Jiasuo
   Gao, Yufeng
TI Seismic performance of small and medium-sized homogeneous earthen dams
   considering valley site effects in large-scale shaking table tests
SO ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
DT Article
DE Valley site; Shaking table tests; Earthen dams; Natural frequency;
   Acceleration response; Damage modes
ID EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED DEFORMATION; GROUND MOTION; WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE;
   ROCKFILL DAMS; MODEL TESTS; SAFETY; SLOPE
AB Many existing small and medium-sized homogenous earthen dams (SMHEDs), which were constructed world-wide before the establishment of seismic design codes, are prone to fail when subjected to earthquakes. The geologic condition and shape of the valley sites where SMHEDs are located have an important role in the seismic performance of the dams. In this paper, large-scale shaking table tests were conducted to analyse the seismic responses of the SMHED considering valley site effects. A geologic model with a 'stiff' dam built in a 'soft' valley was employed to simulate the inappropriate site selection and insufficient treatment of the soft soil layers of valley sites during the construction of SMHEDs. The effects of the spectral characteristics of the dam and the frequency components of the input motions on the seismic responses of the SMHED are analyzed in combination with frequency-domain analysis. The results indicate that the local dominant frequencies at different positions of the SMHED exhibit differences due to valley site effects. Under the input motion with different predominant frequencies (FP), the local dominant frequency differences along the dam crest lead to different distribution patterns of the acceleration response along the SMHED crest, and consequently, different damage modes. Under input motions with FP lower than the dominant frequency of the SMHED, the combined damage of collapses and cracks at the end of the SMHED crest tends to develop into massive sliding. Furthermore, recommendations for the aseismic and reinforcement design of SMHEDs are given.
C1 [Gao, Yunqi; Sun, Shuaijie; Zhang, Yu; Pan, Jiasuo; Gao, Yufeng] Hohai Univ, Key Lab Minist Educ Geomech & Embankment Engn, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
   [Wang, Liya] Shijiazhuang Tiedao Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Shijiazhuang, Peoples R China.
   [Wang, Liya] Shijiazhuang Tiedao Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Rd & Railway Engn Safety Control, Shijiazhuang, Peoples R China.
C3 Hohai University; Shijiazhuang Tiedao University; Shijiazhuang Tiedao
   University
RP Gao, YF (corresponding author), Hohai Univ, Key Lab Minist Educ Geomech & Embankment Engn, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM yqgao89@hhu.edu.cn; lwang@stdu.edu.cn; ssjtumu2019@hhu.edu.cn;
   yuzhanghhu@163.com; js.pan@hhu.edu.cn; yfgao66@163.com
TC 10
Z9 11
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0013-7952
EI 1872-6917
PD JUN 5
PY 2023
VL 318
AR 107098
DI 10.1016/j.enggeo.2023.107098
EA APR 2023
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000983812200001
ER

PT J
AU Wang, MH
   Chi, SC
AF Wang, Maohua
   Chi, Shichun
TI Dynamic response analysis of high earth-rockfill dam subjected to P wave
   with arbitrary incoming angles
SO SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
DT Article
DE Earth core rockfill dam; Viscous-spring artificial boundary; Equivalent
   nodal force; P wave; Arbitrary incident angles; Dynamic response
ID FOUNDATION INTERACTION; SEISMIC PERFORMANCE; WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; GROUND
   MOTIONS; CANYON; SV
AB The dynamic response analysis of high earth-rockfill dams mostly only considers the vertical incidence of seismic waves. However, due to the randomness and uncertainty of earthquakes, for near-field earthquakes, oblique incident waves generally dominate. Therefore, understanding the nonlinear dynamic response of high earth-rockfill dams under the oblique incident seismic wave is of great significance to the seismic safety evaluation of the dams. For this purpose, the seismic wave input method of P wave with arbitrary angle that considers near-field oblique incidence is proposed, which is realized through the Fortran program, and the validity and accuracy of the method and the program are verified by two examples. The proposed method is applied to study the dynamic response analysis of the Nuozhadu earth core rockfill dam under oblique incident P wave. In addition, the three-dimensional interaction system of the dam-foundation-canyon is considered based on the viscous spring boundary model, which reflects as much as possible the environmental conditions of the high earthrockfill dam when the actual earthquake occurs. The numerical results reveal that the incident angle of P wave significantly affects the dynamic response of the dam. For acceleration amplification factor and residual deformation, the most damaging incident angle is the incident angle alpha = 60, rather than in the vertical direction. Besides, when the seismic wave is incident obliquely, the value of residual deformation along the transverse direction is greater than that along the stream direction. It is recommended that the influence of oblique incident P wave should be considered in the seismic design of high earth-rockfill dams.
C1 [Wang, Maohua] China Inst Water Resources & Hydropower Res, State Key Lab Simulat & Regulat Water Cycle River, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China.
   [Chi, Shichun] Dalian Univ Technol, Inst Earthquake Engn, Fac Infrastruct Engn, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
C3 China Institute of Water Resources & Hydropower Research; Dalian
   University of Technology
RP Chi, SC (corresponding author), Dalian Univ Technol, Inst Earthquake Engn, Fac Infrastruct Engn, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
EM schchi@dlut.edu.cn
TC 13
Z9 14
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0267-7261
EI 1879-341X
PD JUN
PY 2022
VL 157
AR 107260
DI 10.1016/j.soildyn.2022.107260
EA MAR 2022
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000793365200004
ER

PT J
AU Yang, WS
   Han, F
   Xu, WX
   Zhang, JG
AF Yang, Weisong
   Han, Fei
   Xu, Weixiao
   Zhang, Jigang
TI Experimental analysis of infill wall stiffness effects on seismic
   performance of reinforced concrete frame structures using shaking table
   tests
SO STRUCTURES
DT Article
DE RC frame structures; Infill walls; Shaking table tests; IDA analysis;
   Seismic collapse resistance
ID MASONRY INFILL; STRENGTH; OPENINGS
AB This study investigates the effect of low infill wall stiffness on the seismic collapse behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures. A 1:4 scaled model of an exterior corridor-type RC frame, based on the teaching building at Xuankou Middle School (located in the high-intensity seismic zone affected by the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake) was developed and tested using shaking table experiments. To further assess structural performance, six infill wall stiffness configurations were analyzed through Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) utilizing ABAQUS software. The key results are summarized as follows: (1) The lateral stiffness of the axis constrained by half-height infill walls at the model's base was 3.71-5.85 times greater than the other axes, concentrating approximately 69 % of the total base shear force on this axis; (2) IDA results demonstrated that the stiffness-uniform model exhibited superior collapse resistance, with its collapse-level ground motion intensity increased by 47.15-60.58 % relative to non-uniform models (Models E and F). Notably, when uniaxial stiffness exceeded the average by more than 30 %, the probability of collapse increased significantly (1.00 %similar to 27.25 %) and the collapse margin ratio (CMR) dropped below the safety threshold of 2.0; (3) The restraining effect of infill wall stiffness on column end moments was quantitatively evaluated, highlighting the recommendation to limit the stiffness disparity between axes to no more than 30 % for improved seismic resilience. While the scaled model may underestimate nonlinear material behavior due to size effects, the results concerning stiffness-induced shear redistribution remain broadly applicable to the seismic design of RC frame structures.
C1 [Yang, Weisong; Han, Fei; Xu, Weixiao; Zhang, Jigang] Qingdao Univ Technol, Coll Civil Engn, Qingdao 266520, Peoples R China.
   [Yang, Weisong; Han, Fei; Xu, Weixiao; Zhang, Jigang] Minist Educ, Engn Res Ctr Concrete Technol Marine Environm, Qingdao 266520, Peoples R China.
C3 Qingdao University of Technology
RP Yang, WS (corresponding author), Qingdao Univ Technol, Coll Civil Engn, Qingdao 266520, Peoples R China.
EM yws_qtech2015@163.com
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA STE 800, 230 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10169 USA
SN 2352-0124
PD JUL
PY 2025
VL 77
AR 109108
DI 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.109108
EA MAY 2025
SC Engineering
UT WOS:001490875300001
ER

PT J
AU Li, SQ
   Chen, YS
   Liu, HB
   Del Gaudio, C
AF Li, Si-Qi
   Chen, Yong-Sheng
   Liu, Hong-Bo
   Del Gaudio, Carlo
TI Empirical seismic vulnerability assessment model of typical urban
   buildings
SO BULLETIN OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
DT Article
DE Urban agglomerate buildings; Empirical vulnerability; Seismic resilience
   of regional structures; Update vulnerability assessment model;
   Vulnerability strip judgment model
ID DAMAGE
AB Evaluating the seismic vulnerability of regional group structures is essential for effectively quantifying the seismic resilience and risk analysis of regional cities. To study the degree of damage caused by a typical earthquake to the overall group of buildings in a specific area, this paper takes the field observation data of the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008, in China as the research background and makes empirical vulnerability statistics and classification on all the inspection data of structural groups in Dujiangyan city. The seismic risk experience database (8621 building samples) based on the overall regional group buildings is developed. Using nonlinear regression, probabilistic risk prediction, and a cumulative damage conditional probability model, the empirical vulnerability matrices of six typical groups of buildings in different seismic intensity zones are established. Considering the effects of seismic design, age, purpose, number of floors, and plane shape features on the seismic resilience and vulnerability of regional group structures, a multifactor vulnerability innovation comparison model based on updating the quantitative scale of vulnerability level is developed. Ultimately, an innovative seismic vulnerability update index domain assessment model is proposed to quantify the damage modes of regional group structures. Zonal fragility prediction models of six typical regional structure groups are established. In the analysis results of the multidimensional empirical vulnerability model, it is found that with the increase in the macroseismic intensity grade, the sample number distribution shows a decreasing trend. Additionally, an essential finding is that the damage of the regional reinforced concrete structure is relatively light, indicating that it has a certain seismic resilience. The empirical vulnerability database is used within the proposed model to obtain a seismic vulnerability index.
C1 [Li, Si-Qi; Liu, Hong-Bo] Heilongjiang Univ, Sch Civil Engn, 74, Xuefu Rd, Harbin, Peoples R China.
   [Li, Si-Qi] Harbin Inst Technol, Sch Transportat Sci & Engn, Harbin, Peoples R China.
   [Li, Si-Qi] Longjian Rd & Bridge Co Ltd, 109, Songshan Rd, Harbin, Peoples R China.
   [Chen, Yong-Sheng] China Earthquake Adm, Inst Engn Mech, 29, Xuefu Rd, Harbin, Peoples R China.
   [Del Gaudio, Carlo] Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Struct Engn & Architecture, Via Claudio, 21, Naples, Italy.
C3 Heilongjiang University; Harbin Institute of Technology; China
   Earthquake Administration; Institute of Engineering Mechanics, CEA;
   University of Naples Federico II
RP Li, SQ (corresponding author), Heilongjiang Univ, Sch Civil Engn, 74, Xuefu Rd, Harbin, Peoples R China.; Li, SQ (corresponding author), Harbin Inst Technol, Sch Transportat Sci & Engn, Harbin, Peoples R China.; Li, SQ (corresponding author), Longjian Rd & Bridge Co Ltd, 109, Songshan Rd, Harbin, Peoples R China.
EM lisiqi@hlju.edu.cn; chenys@iem.ac.cn; hongboliuhlju@126.com;
   carlo.delgaudio@unina.it
TC 55
Z9 56
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1570-761X
EI 1573-1456
PD MAR
PY 2023
VL 21
IS 4
BP 2217
EP 2257
DI 10.1007/s10518-022-01585-8
EA JAN 2023
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000907163500002
ER

PT J
AU Qiu, WH
   Wang, KH
   Guo, WZ
AF Qiu, Wenhua
   Wang, Kehai
   Guo, Weizuo
TI Analysis of impact factors on seismic response of the upper building
   structure of RC beam-type covered bridge
SO STRUCTURES
DT Article
DE Beam -type covered bridge; Seismic response; Building structure; Impact
   factor
ID WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; DESIGN; DAMAGE
AB To comprehensively explore the various factors affecting the seismic response of the upper building structure of the reinforced concrete (RC) continuous beam-type covered bridge, the integrated finite element model was established using OpenSEES, and the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) method was employed in this study. The critical locations for potential damage to the upper building structure were identified, and the dominant factors determining these locations were thoroughly investigated. Recommendations for the seismic design of covered bridges were proposed and verified. The results revealed that the seismic response of the upper building frame structure of a beam-type covered bridge is significantly and intricately influenced by multiple factors, including the interaction between the building and bridge, the mechanical characteristics of the bearings, the structural properties of the building itself, and the overall structural attributes of the covered bridge. These impacts evolve with increasing seismic intensity and are typically not attributable to a single factor. It is recommended that three spherical steel bearings be arranged on each pier or abutment for the beam-type covered bridge and that uniform properties of the cross-sections of the upper building frame columns be ensured. The modified seismic designs can effectively mitigate the seismic response of frame structures during rare earthquakes. The factors that influence the seismic response of the upper building structure of the covered bridge can be extended to all continuous beam-type covered bridges of the same structural form. This can provide a reference for designing RC beam-type covered bridges.
C1 [Qiu, Wenhua; Wang, Kehai; Guo, Weizuo] Southeast Univ, Sch Transportat, Nanjing 211189, Peoples R China.
   [Wang, Kehai] Minist Transport, Res Inst Highway, Beijing 100088, Peoples R China.
C3 Southeast University - China; Ministry of Transport of the People's
   Republic of China
RP Qiu, WH (corresponding author), Southeast Univ, Sch Transportat, Nanjing 211189, Peoples R China.
EM qiuwhgooa@163.com
TC 2
Z9 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA STE 800, 230 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10169 USA
SN 2352-0124
PD AUG
PY 2024
VL 66
AR 106889
DI 10.1016/j.istruc.2024.106889
EA JUL 2024
SC Engineering
UT WOS:001267895100001
ER

PT J
AU Yang, G
   Zhao, EF
   Li, XY
   Tochaei, EN
   Kan, K
   Zhang, W
AF Yang, Guang
   Zhao, Erfeng
   Li, Xiaoya
   Tochaei, Emad Norouzzadeh
   Kan, Kan
   Zhang, Wei
TI Research on Improved Equivalent Diagonal Strut Model for
   Masonry-Infilled RC Frame with Flexible Connection
SO ADVANCES IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
DT Article
ID BEHAVIOR; OPENINGS
AB The reinforced concrete (RC) frame with masonry infill wall is one of the most common structural systems in many countries. It has been widely recognized that the infill wall has significant effects on the seismic performance of RC frame structure. During the Wenchuan earthquake (China 2008), a lot of infilled RC frame structures suffered serious damages due to the detrimental effects brought about by the infill wall rigidly connected to the surrounding frame. In order to solve this problem, flexible connection, introduced by Chinese designers, is recommended by the updated Chinese seismic design code, because of its effect to reduce the unfavorable interaction between infill wall and frame. Although infilled RC frame structure with flexible connection has a lot of advantages, but because of the lack of research, this structure type is seldom used in practical engineering. Therefore, it is of great significance to scientifically investigate and analyze the effects of flexible connection on structure behaviors of infilled RC frame. In this study, a macrofinite element numerical simulation method for infilled RC frame with flexible connection was investigated. Firstly, the effects of connection between infill wall and surrounding frame on in-plane behaviors of infilled RC frame were discussed. Secondly, based on deeply studying the equivalent diagonal strut models for infilled RC frame with rigid connection, an improved equivalent diagonal strut model for infilled RC frame with flexible connection was proposed. Employed with inversion analysis theory, the parameter in the proposed model was estimated through artificial fish swarm algorithm. Finally, applied with the existing experiment results, a case study was conducted to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed model.
C1 [Yang, Guang; Zhao, Erfeng] Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
   [Yang, Guang; Zhao, Erfeng; Kan, Kan; Zhang, Wei] Hohai Univ, Coll Water Conservancy & Hydropower Engn, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
   [Yang, Guang] Hohai Univ, Natl Engn Res Ctr Water Resources Efficient Utili, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
   [Li, Xiaoya] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Business Sch, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
   [Tochaei, Emad Norouzzadeh] Univ Illinois, Civil & Mat Engn, 842 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
   [Zhang, Wei] Water Conservancy Bur Yangzhou, Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
C3 Hohai University; Hohai University; Hohai University; University of
   Melbourne; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois
   Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital
RP Yang, G; Zhao, EF (corresponding author), Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.; Yang, G; Zhao, EF (corresponding author), Hohai Univ, Coll Water Conservancy & Hydropower Engn, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.; Yang, G (corresponding author), Hohai Univ, Natl Engn Res Ctr Water Resources Efficient Utili, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM 920764311@qq.com; zhaoerfeng@hhu.edu.cn; xiaoyal@student.unimelb.edu.au;
   enorou2@uic.edu; kankan@hhu.edu.cn; zhangzhiwei1201@126.com
TC 2
Z9 3
PU HINDAWI LTD
PI LONDON
PA ADAM HOUSE, 3RD FLR, 1 FITZROY SQ, LONDON, W1T 5HF, ENGLAND
SN 1687-8086
EI 1687-8094
PY 2019
VL 2019
AR 3725373
DI 10.1155/2019/3725373
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
UT WOS:000461579500001
ER

PT J
AU Zhou, W
   Ding, ZM
   Ma, TT
AF Zhou, Wei
   Ding, Zhengman
   Ma, Tingting
TI Dynamic response of anchoring layered rock slopes subjected to seismic
   loads
SO CURRENT SCIENCE
DT Article
DE Anchor bolts; anti-seismic effect; dynamic res-ponse; layered rock
   slope; seismic loads
ID STABILITY ANALYSIS; WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; INDUCED LANDSLIDES;
   NUMERICAL-ANALYSIS; DEFORMATION; SOFT
AB The seismic dynamic responses of rock slopes are a hot topic for geotechnical engineering studies. Based on the interaction between rock slope and anchor bolts, a dynamic numerical model of a layered rock slope was developed using the finite difference software FLAC3D. The dynamic response patterns of anchored and natural slopes under seismic loads were analysed to obtain the supporting effect of anchor bolts during seismic activity. The results indicate that under seismic loads, tensile cracks at the intersection of the top and joint surface develop into a drawing open surface of the back edge, and a shear slip occurs at the base of the slope, both of which result in the formation of tensile-shear slip failure. Permanent slope displacement accumulates only when seismic acceleration exceeds the critical acceleration. The slope deformation has been constrained, and the performance of the slope during the seismic activity has been strengthened by anchor bolt supports, which sig-nificantly increase the ductility of the rock slope under seismic loads. Moreover, during an earthquake, the axial forces of anchor bolts in the middle slope rise more than at any other position. After the earthquake, anchor bolts in the middle have been shown to exhibit maxi-mum axial force. As a complex problem, stability analysis of seismic slopes is important. The analysis of seismic slope failure and the mechanism of slope anchoring are particularly complicated. The present study will help to improve future research on the seismic design and dyna-mic analysis of slopes supported by anchor bolts.
C1 [Zhou, Wei] Hunan City Univ, Coll Civil Engn, Yiyang 413000, Peoples R China.
   [Zhou, Wei] Hubei Univ Arts & Sci, Sch Civil Engn & Architecture, Xiangyang 441053, Peoples R China.
   [Ding, Zhengman; Ma, Tingting] Hubei Univ Arts & Sci, Coll Resource Environm & Tourism, Xiangyang 440153, Peoples R China.
   [Ding, Zhengman] Wufeng Tujia Autonomous Cty Forestry Bur, Yichang 443099, Peoples R China.
   [Ma, Tingting] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, CAS Key Lab Soil Environm & Pollut Remediat, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China.
   [Ma, Tingting] Hubei Univ Arts & Sci, Hubei Key Lab Low Dimens Optoelect Mat & Devices, Xiangyang 440153, Peoples R China.
C3 Hunan City University; Hubei University of Arts & Science; Hubei
   University of Arts & Science; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing
   Institute of Soil Science, CAS; Hubei University of Arts & Science
RP Ma, TT (corresponding author), Hubei Univ Arts & Sci, Coll Resource Environm & Tourism, Xiangyang 440153, Peoples R China.; Ma, TT (corresponding author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, CAS Key Lab Soil Environm & Pollut Remediat, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China.; Ma, TT (corresponding author), Hubei Univ Arts & Sci, Hubei Key Lab Low Dimens Optoelect Mat & Devices, Xiangyang 440153, Peoples R China.
EM ttmaxiaotu@126.com
TC 2
Z9 2
PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES
PI BANGALORE
PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA
SN 0011-3891
PD MAY 10
PY 2023
VL 124
IS 9
BP 1088
EP 1094
DI 10.18520/cs/v124/i9/1088-1094
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
UT WOS:001000852500014
ER

PT J
AU Yue, KF
   Xu, LQ
   Yang, ZY
   Yan, L
   Gao, Y
   Guo, YC
   Yang, R
AF Yue, Kefeng
   Xu, Lueqin
   Yang, Zhongyou
   Yan, Lei
   Gao, Yu
   Guo, Yuanchen
   Yang, Rui
TI Three-level quasi-isolation design method of small-to-medium-span girder
   bridges based on the principle of equivalent energy balance
SO STRUCTURES
DT Article
DE Small-to-medium-span girder bridges; Quasi-isolation; Equivalent energy
   balance; Butterfly-shaped steel plate shear key; Three-level
   quasi-isolation design method (TQDM)
ID RUBBER BEARINGS; SEISMIC DAMAGE; 2008 WENCHUAN; EARTHQUAKE; PERFORMANCE;
   SHEAR; BEHAVIOR
AB Small-to-medium-span girder bridges play an important role in transportation infrastructure because of their good adaptability and economy. These bridges generally adopt laminated rubber bearings (LRBs) and shear keys as connecting measures between piers and girders. In the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, such connecting measures were severely damaged, resulting in out-of-control consequences of bearing sliding and girder unseating, while the damage rate of the substructures was extremely low. The observed failure mode differs greatly from the ductility-based seismic design expectations. In accordance with the structural configurations and design conventions of small-to-medium-span girder bridges in China, a seismic protection system (quasi-isolation system) is proposed to satisfy multi-level fortification criteria by utilizing the quasi-isolation effect of bearing sliding behavior and the energy-dissipation capacity of the previously developed butterfly-shaped steel plate shear keys (BSP shear keys). Firstly, the analytical model of the quasi-isolation system is established based on reasonable simplifications of the mechanical properties of the LRB, the BSP shear key, and the dual-column pier. The threelevel performance objectives for the small-to-medium-span girder bridges are then proposed. The principle of equivalent energy balance is applied to establish the three-level quasi-isolation design method (TQDM), and the detailed implementation procedures are proposed. Finally, a case study of a typical simple supported girder bridge is conducted to implement the TQDM, and nonlinear time history analysis is carried out to verify the achievement of the three-level performance objectives. Research results show the maximum error between the performance states and the expected performance objectives is 15.6 %, demonstrating that the designed bridge can satisfy the prescribed performance objectives at the three levels of earthquakes.
C1 [Yue, Kefeng; Yan, Lei; Guo, Yuanchen; Yang, Rui] Chongqing Three Gorges Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chongqing 404020, Peoples R China.
   [Xu, Lueqin; Yang, Zhongyou; Gao, Yu] Chongqing Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chongqing 400074, Peoples R China.
C3 Chongqing Three Gorges University; Chongqing Jiaotong University
RP Xu, LQ (corresponding author), Chongqing Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chongqing 400074, Peoples R China.
EM xulueqin@163.com
TC 3
Z9 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA STE 800, 230 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10169 USA
SN 2352-0124
PD APR
PY 2025
VL 74
AR 108529
DI 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108529
EA MAR 2025
SC Engineering
UT WOS:001441043000001
ER

PT J
AU Cui, Z
   Sheng, Q
   Leng, XL
AF Cui, Zhen
   Sheng, Qian
   Leng, Xianlun
TI Effects of a controlling geological discontinuity on the seismic
   stability of an underground cavern subjected to near-fault ground
   motions
SO BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
DT Article
DE Underground cavern; Seismic stability; Nearfault ground motion;
   Geological discontinuity; Continuously yielding model; Damage potential
   index
ID MOUNTAIN TUNNELS; WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; DAMAGE
AB The mechanism for the influence of near-fault ground motion on seismic issues for underground rock caverns has seldom been addressed, especially for caverns controlled by large geological discontinuities. In this paper, a nonlinear joint model was used to simulate the effects of unfavorable geological discontinuities under seismic excitation. The influence of near-fault ground motion on unfavorable geological discontinuities was analyzed using a large sample of ground-motion records collected from the NGA-West2 database. A damage potential index (DPI) for unfavorable geological discontinuities was proposed and discussed. The #1 surge chamber of the Baihetan Hydropower Plant, which is dominated by interlayer shear weakness zone (ISWZ) C2, was used as a study case to investigate the differences between pulse-type near-fault ground motion, non-pulse-type near-fault ground motion, and far-field ground motion. The results of the study indicate that (1) significant velocity and displacement as well as a stronger long-period response spectrum are key characteristics of pulse-type near-fault ground motions, whereas non-pulse-type near-fault ground motions display characteristics similar to those of far-field ground motions; (2) the velocity pulse is responsible for the destructive capabilities of near-fault ground motions; (3) the peak ground velocity (PGV) was shown to be the most suitable DPI of several ground-motion parameters for large geological discontinuities under seismic excitation (applicable to both near-fault and far-field ground motions); and (4) PGV was verified to be the most effective DPI for ISWZ C2 at the Baihetan #1 surge chamber. The cavern became fragile when subjected to near-fault ground motions, so special seismic reinforcement measures are recommended. These findings may provide a reference for the seismic design of underground caverns.
C1 [Cui, Zhen; Sheng, Qian; Leng, Xianlun] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, State Key Lab Geomech & Geotech Engn, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, Peoples R China.
   [Cui, Zhen] PowerChina Huadong Engn Corp Ltd, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
C3 Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan Institute of Rock & Soil Mechanics,
   CAS; POWERCHINA Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited
RP Cui, Z (corresponding author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, State Key Lab Geomech & Geotech Engn, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, Peoples R China.; Cui, Z (corresponding author), PowerChina Huadong Engn Corp Ltd, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
EM zcui@whrsm.ac.cn
TC 23
Z9 29
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1435-9529
EI 1435-9537
PD FEB
PY 2018
VL 77
IS 1
BP 265
EP 282
DI 10.1007/s10064-016-0936-9
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000424335400018
ER

PT J
AU Jiang, HJ
   Liu, XJ
   Mao, JJ
AF Jiang, Huanjun
   Liu, Xiaojuan
   Mao, Junjie
TI Full-scale experimental study on masonry infilled RC moment-resisting
   frames under cyclic loads
SO ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
DT Article
DE Infill wall; Reinforced concrete moment-resisting frame; Connection
   detail; Cyclic loading test; Seismic performance
ID REINFORCED-CONCRETE FRAMES; BUILDINGS; BEHAVIOR; PANELS; TESTS
AB The reinforced concrete (RC) moment-resisting frames with masonry infill walls are widely used in buildings. It has been well recognized that the arrangement and constructional detail of infill walls have significant effects on the seismic performance of RC frames. During 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, a lot of masonry infilled RC frame structures suffered serious damages due to detrimental effects brought about by infill walls rigidly connected to the main structure. In the updated Chinese seismic design code, the flexible connection between infill walls and RC frames is recommended in order to reduce the unfavorable interaction between them. In this study, seven full-scale, single-bay and single-storey RC frame specimens, five with masonry infill wall and flexible connection, one with masonry infill wall and rigid connection, and one without infill wall, were tested under low-cycle reversed loads. For the specimens with flexible connection, the variable parameters are the type and amount of constructional column, the amount of tie steel bar, and the amount of vertical slit set in the infill wall. Based on the test results, the damage behavior, lateral strength, displacement ductility ratio, stiffness degradation, and energy dissipation of the specimen are compared. The influence of constructional details of infill walls on the seismic behavior of RC frames is analyzed. It is found that with the addition of masonry infill wall rigidly connected to the frame, the lateral strength, the stiffness and the energy-dissipation capacity of the bare RC frame increase significantly while the displacement ductility ratio decreases significantly. Compared with the infill wall with rigid connection, the strength, the stiffness and the energy-dissipation capacity contributed by the infill wall with flexible connection drop significantly, but the displacement ductility ratio of the frame rises up. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Liu, Xiaojuan] Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
   Tongji Univ, Res Inst Struct Engn & Disaster Reduct, Coll Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
C3 Tongji University; Tongji University
RP Liu, XJ (corresponding author), Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
EM 2liuxjty@tongji.edu.cn
TC 70
Z9 80
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0141-0296
EI 1873-7323
PD MAY 15
PY 2015
VL 91
BP 70
EP 84
DI 10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.02.008
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000353848700006
ER

PT J
AU Huang, C
   Qiu, J
   Huang, TM
AF Huang, Chao
   Qiu, Jian
   Huang, Tianmin
TI Mode selection of post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction of
   traditional villages using dependency analytic process: taking
   Xiluo-Buzi village in the 2022 M6.8 Luding earthquake as an example
SO FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
DT Article
DE seismic hazard; damage characteristics; traditional village; cultural
   heritage protection; post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction;
   influencing factors; prediction model
ID POST-WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; HOUSING RECONSTRUCTION
AB IntroductionTraditional villages are precious historical and cultural heritage sites. The selection of post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction (PERR) mode directly affects the village cultural heritage protection and the development direction of post-disaster reconstruction. A scientific and comprehensive feasibility evaluation for selecting the PERR mode of traditional villages can provide sufficient evidence for the recovery efforts in earthquake-stricken villages.MethodThe author summarizes three PERR modes and constructs an evaluation index system for the selection of PERR modes of traditional villages. Based on the interrelationship of the indicators, the author has preliminarily established the Dependency Analytic Process (DAP), Based on this method, a model of traditional village PERR mode selection is constructed, and an empirical analysis is carried out in the case of the earthquake-stricken area of Xieluo-buzi Village in 2022 M6.8 Luding earthquake, to discuss the selection of PERR modes of traditional villages.ResultsThe authors have explored the application of the DAP in the selection of PERR modes for traditional villages and verified the effectiveness of the method. Since a large amount of actual research work is required to conduct an assessment, it is believed that with the widespread applications of the DAP, its superiority and practicality will be further demonstrated.ConclusionThe protection of traditional villages is a dynamic protection process, in which the will of the indigenous people is respected, the social network of the indigenous people is maintained, and the fair rights of the indigenous people to participate in the implementation of the project and to enjoy the preferential policies and resource benefits are guaranteed, as they are the real main body of the heritage protection, so that the traditional village ethnic heritage can be inherited and developed permanently in the protection. DAP is applicable to the comprehensive evaluation of multiple factors, particularly in situations where the importance of the indicators is difficult to be distinguished from each other. This is a new method to determine the weight vector, which has a broad application prospect.
C1 [Huang, Chao; Qiu, Jian] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Architecture, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
   [Huang, Tianmin] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Math, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
C3 Southwest Jiaotong University; Southwest Jiaotong University
RP Qiu, J (corresponding author), Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Architecture, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
EM qiujian@home.swjtu.edu.cn
TC 2
Z9 2
PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND
EI 2296-2565
PD AUG 31
PY 2023
VL 11
AR 1240573
DI 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1240573
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
UT WOS:001065409200001
ER

PT J
AU Yang, ZH
   Lan, HX
   Gao, X
   Li, LP
   Meng, YS
   Wu, YM
AF Yang, Zhi-hua
   Lan, Heng-Xing
   Gao, Xing
   Li, Lang-ping
   Meng, Yun-shan
   Wu, Yu-ming
TI Urgent landslide susceptibility assessment in the 2013 Lushan
   earthquake-impacted area, Sichuan Province, China
SO NATURAL HAZARDS
DT Article
DE Lushan earthquake; Landslide susceptibility; GIS; Factor sensitivity
   analysis; AHP; Factor-weighted overlay
ID LOGISTIC-REGRESSION MODEL; 2008 WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; SUPPORT VECTOR
   MACHINE; FREQUENCY RATIO; DEMPSTER-SHAFER; RISK-ASSESSMENT; GIS; HAZARD;
   BEICHUAN; PROBABILITY
AB The Lushan earthquake with magnitude M (s) 7.0 (M (w) 6.6, USGS) in Sichuan Province, China, triggered a large number of landslides, which seriously aggravated the earthquake's destructive consequences. This paper mainly focuses on the methodology of the urgent landslide susceptibility assessment right after the earthquake. The detailed landslide inventory (including 5,688 landslides) is prepared by means of urgent post-earthquake landslide field survey, landslide remote sensing interpretation of multi-source remote sensing images including high-resolution unmanned aerial vehicle images and historical landslide archives. Ten remarkable causative factors for landslide occurrence have been selected to conduct the landslide susceptibility assessment, including earthquake intensity, landslide density and slope gradient. An integration assessment approach is developed to facilitate the effective urgent post-earthquake landslide susceptibility assessment using three methods: factor sensitivity analysis, analytical hierarchy process and factor-weighted overlay. Such integration can effectively reduce the subjectivity and uncertainty resulting from using single method. The validation evaluation using the area under curve suggests the landslide susceptibility assessment results have satisfactory accuracy, and the suggested methodology is effective for the urgent post-earthquake landslide susceptibility assessment. The study results reveal that earthquake intensity and slope gradient are the two most important causative factors for post-earthquake landslide occurrence in the Lushan earthquake-impacted area. The dominant slope gradient and slope aspect with relatively higher landslide frequency are 45A degrees aEuro"50A degrees and south-east direction, respectively. The intense earthquake impact increased the dominant slope gradient of landslide spatial distribution, and the thrust campaign of seismogenic fault with strike NE-SW made south-east direction as the dominant slope aspect of the landslide spatial distribution. The locations with very high and high landslide susceptibility are mainly distributed in the regions with higher earthquake intensity and adverse terrain conditions, such as Shuangshi town and Longmen town of Lushan county and Muping town of Baoxing county. The study results are expected to provide a beneficial reference for the landslide prevention and infrastructure reconstruction after the Lushan earthquake.
C1 [Yang, Zhi-hua] Chinese Acad Geol Sci, Inst Geomech, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
   [Yang, Zhi-hua; Lan, Heng-Xing; Gao, Xing; Li, Lang-ping; Meng, Yun-shan; Wu, Yu-ming] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Resources & Environm Informat Syst, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
   [Yang, Zhi-hua; Li, Lang-ping; Meng, Yun-shan; Wu, Yu-ming] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
C3 China Geological Survey; Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences;
   Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences;
   Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geographic Sciences & Natural
   Resources Research, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of
   Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS
RP Lan, HX (corresponding author), Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Resources & Environm Informat Syst, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, 11A Datun Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
EM lanhx@lreis.ac.cn
TC 56
Z9 71
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0921-030X
EI 1573-0840
PD FEB
PY 2015
VL 75
IS 3
BP 2467
EP 2487
DI 10.1007/s11069-014-1441-8
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
UT WOS:000347161900025
ER

PT J
AU Qiao, YM
   Lu, DG
   Yu, XH
AF Qiao, Yu-Meng
   Lu, Da-Gang
   Yu, Xiao-Hui
TI Shaking Table Tests of a Reinforced Concrete Frame Subjected to
   Mainshock-Aftershock Sequences
SO JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
DT Article
DE Mainshock-aftershock sequences; shaking table tests; aftershock
   influence ratio (AIR); dynamic responses; RC frame
ID CODES SEISMIC PERFORMANCE; EARTHQUAKE GROUND MOTIONS; FLAT PLATE
   STRUCTURE; NONLINEAR RESPONSE; HYSTERETIC DAMPERS; DAMAGE EVALUATION;
   DUCTILITY DEMAND; BUILDINGS; MULTIPLE; BEHAVIOR
AB This paper presents the shaking table tests for a 1/5-scale 5-story reinforced concrete (RC) frame subjected to mainshock (MS)-aftershock (AS) sequences for investigating the unfavorable effects of ASs on structural performance. The prototype of the test specimen, which was heavily damaged in M-w 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake, was a teaching building designed and built according to the old version of Chinese design codes. The ground motion records of one MS and three ASs were selected from the Wenchuan strong ground motion database to compose the seismic sequence. A series of peak ground acceleration (PGA) intensity levels were considered to scale the seismic sequence entirely for the simulation of sequential excitations. During the tests, typical global and local damage phenomena of the specimen were observed. Structural responses and dynamic properties of the specimen were monitored and calculated. An Aftershock Influence Ratio (AIR) defined as the ratio between the structural response due to an AS and that due to the corresponding MS was proposed to quantify the effects of ASs. Results show that AIR values are increased significantly as the growth of the accumulative damage of the specimen. Amongst the investigated structural response parameters, the absolute acceleration is impacted mostly by ASs with the corresponding AIR value as large as 85.2%, while the relative displacement is impacted least since the corresponding maximum AIR is only 27.9%. Moreover, at a given accumulative damage level of the specimen, the second AS (AS-II) has the largest effect on structural performance compared to others. This experimental investigation highlights the complex AS effects on structural performance since they are closely correlated to the accumulative damage of the structure mainly caused by MS, structural response parameters, and AS characteristics. It is thus necessary to well consider the AS effects in seismic performance evaluation and seismic design of the structures especially located in the sites with high seismicity.
C1 [Qiao, Yu-Meng; Lu, Da-Gang; Yu, Xiao-Hui] Harbin Inst Technol, Minist Educ, Key Lab Struct Dynam Behav & Control, Harbin, Peoples R China.
   [Qiao, Yu-Meng; Lu, Da-Gang; Yu, Xiao-Hui] Harbin Inst Technol, Minist Ind & Informat Technol, Key Lab Smart Prevent & Mitigat Civil Engn Disast, Harbin, Peoples R China.
   [Qiao, Yu-Meng; Lu, Da-Gang; Yu, Xiao-Hui] Harbin Inst Technol, Sch Civil Engn, POB 2546,202 Haihe Rd, Harbin 150090, Peoples R China.
C3 Harbin Institute of Technology; Harbin Institute of Technology; Harbin
   Institute of Technology
RP Lu, DG (corresponding author), Harbin Inst Technol, Sch Civil Engn, POB 2546,202 Haihe Rd, Harbin 150090, Peoples R China.
EM ludagang@hit.edu.cn
TC 23
Z9 25
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1363-2469
EI 1559-808X
PD MAR 12
PY 2022
VL 26
IS 4
BP 1693
EP 1722
DI 10.1080/13632469.2020.1733710
EA MAR 2020
SC Engineering; Geology
UT WOS:000519708100001
ER

PT J
AU Yu, HT
   Yuan, Y
   Bobet, A
AF Yu, Haitao
   Yuan, Yong
   Bobet, Antonio
TI Seismic analysis of long tunnels: A review of simplified and unified
   methods
SO UNDERGROUND SPACE
DT Review
DE Earthquake engineering; Tunnel structure; Seismic analysis; Simplified
   method; Multiscale method
ID LINED TUNNELS; WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; MULTISCALE METHOD; RESPONSE
   ANALYSIS; MOUNTAIN TUNNELS; IMMERSED TUNNEL; DAMAGE; SOIL; SIMULATION;
   STRESSES
AB Seismic analysis of long tunnels is important for safety evaluation of the tunnel structure during earthquakes. Simplified models of long tunnels are commonly adopted in seismic design by practitioners, in which the tunnel is usually assumed as a beam supported by the ground. These models can be conveniently used to obtain the overall response of the tunnel structure subjected to seismic loading. However, simplified methods are limited due to the assumptions that need to be made to reach the solution, e.g. shield tunnels are assembled with segments and bolts to form a lining ring and such structural details may not be included in the simplified model. In most cases, the design will require a numerical method that does not have the shortcomings of the analytical solutions, as it can consider the structural details, non-linear behavior, etc. Furthermore, long tunnels have significant length and pass through different strata. All of these would require large-scale seismic analysis of long tunnels with three-dimensional models, which is difficult due to the lack of available computing power. This paper introduces two types of methods for seismic analysis of long tunnels, namely simplified and unified methods. Several models, including the mass-spring-beam model, and the beam-spring model and its analytical solution are presented as examples of the simplified method. The unified method is based on a multiscale framework for long tunnels, with coarse and refined finite element meshes, or with the discrete element method and the finite difference method to compute the overall seismic response of the tunnel while including detailed dynamic response at positions of potential damage or of interest. A bridging scale term is introduced in the framework so that compatibility of dynamic behavior between the macro- and meso-scale subdomains is enforced. Examples are presented to demonstrate the applicability of the simplified and the unified methods. (C) 2017 Tongji University and Tongji University Press. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Owner.
C1 [Yu, Haitao] Tongji Univ, Key Lab Geotech & Underground Engn, Minist Educ, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
   [Yu, Haitao] China Univ Min & Technol, State Key Lab GeoMech & Deep Underground Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
   [Yuan, Yong] Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
   [Bobet, Antonio] Tongji Univ, High End Foreign Expert, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
   [Bobet, Antonio] Purdue Univ, Lyles Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
C3 Tongji University; China University of Mining & Technology; Tongji
   University; Tongji University; Purdue University System; Purdue
   University
RP Yu, HT (corresponding author), Tongji Univ, Key Lab Geotech & Underground Engn, Minist Educ, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
EM yuhaitao@tongji.edu.cn
TC 80
Z9 85
PU KEAI PUBLISHING LTD
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING, DONGHENG DISTRICT 100717,
   PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 2096-2754
EI 2467-9674
PD JUN
PY 2017
VL 2
IS 2
BP 73
EP 87
DI 10.1016/j.undsp.2017.05.003
SC Engineering
UT WOS:000431440300001
ER

PT J
AU Li, F
   Li, YM
   Luo, WW
   Lei, C
   Pan, WH
   Ji, SY
AF Li, Feng
   Li, Yingmin
   Luo, Wenwen
   Lei, Cheng
   Pan, Weihao
   Ji, Shuyan
TI A new seismic strategy for strong column-weak beam design philosophy in
   RC frame structures
SO STRUCTURES
DT Article
DE Reinforced concrete building; Moment-resisting frames; Strong
   column-weak beam; Pushover analysis; Seismic design of weakening beams
ID WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; BUILDINGS; LESSONS; REDISTRIBUTION; PERFORMANCE;
   PREDICTION; BEHAVIOR; DAMAGE
AB Most seismic codes are limited to a strategy of unilaterally strengthening columns in reinforced concrete(RC) frames, yet post-earthquake evidence shows that the expected beam-hinge mechanism is generally not realized. To address this, this study proposes a new strategy combining column strengthening with beam weakening, and introduce a seismic demand reduction factor (alpha k). To verify the feasibility and advantages of the new strategy, sixteen typical mid-rise frame structures located in high seismic zones are designed based on these different strategies. This study investigates the seismic performance of these frames, focusing on the sequence and location of plastic hinges, lateral load resistance, overstrength factor, and steel rebar consumption. The OpenSees software was used to develop numerical models and performs pushover analysis and time history analysis for seismic assessment. To check the modeling technique, the calculated results for a 4-story frame under cyclic loading are validated against experimental data. Results show that the conventional strategy of strengthening the columns mainly reduces the number and severity of plastic hinge damage at the column ends, but has a limited impact on the distribution of plastic hinges at the beam ends. In contrast, the new strategy not only increases the severity of plastic hinge damage at the beam ends, but also reduces the number and severity of plastic hinges at the column ends. In particular, for the case of over-reinforcement in the floor slab, the new strategy is more effective than the conventional strategy in improving both the extent of damage and the distribution of plastic hinge locations. Moreover, the weakening philosophy can reduce steel rebar consumption and alleviate reinforcement congestion at column-beam joints. However, excessive reduction of beams should be avoided, as it may compromise lateral load resistance and structural safety. An ideal strategy should combine strengthening columns with a moderate reduction in beam capacity.
C1 [Li, Feng; Li, Yingmin; Lei, Cheng; Pan, Weihao] Chongqing Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Chongqing 400045, Peoples R China.
   [Luo, Wenwen] Chongqing Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Civil & Hydraul Engn, Chongqing 400045, Peoples R China.
   [Ji, Shuyan] Chongqing Univ, Sch Management Sci & Real Estate, Chongqing 400045, Peoples R China.
C3 Chongqing University; Chongqing University of Science & Technology;
   Chongqing University
RP Ji, SY (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Sch Management Sci & Real Estate, Chongqing 400045, Peoples R China.
EM jishuyan_cqu@126.com
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA STE 800, 230 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10169 USA
SN 2352-0124
PD JUL
PY 2025
VL 77
AR 109129
DI 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.109129
EA MAY 2025
SC Engineering
UT WOS:001494322800007
ER

EF